文章：

癌症免疫疗法重访：常规治疗和新一代纳米药物的最新进展

Cancer immunotherapies revisited: state of the art of conventional treatments and next-generation nanomedicines

原文发布日期：2021-04-09 

英文摘要：

Nowadays, the landscape of cancer treatments has broadened thanks to the clinical application of immunotherapeutics. After decades of failures, cancer immunotherapy represents an exciting alternative for those patients suffering from a wide variety of cancers, especially for those skin cancers, such as the early stages of melanoma. However, those cancers affecting internal organs still face a long way to success, because of the poor biodistribution of immunotherapies. Here, nanomedicine appears as a hopeful strategy to modulate the biodistribution aiming at target organ accumulation. In this way, efficacy will be improved, while reducing the side effects at the same time. In this review, we aim to highlight the most promising cancer immunotherapeutic strategies. From monoclonal antibodies and their traditional use as targeted therapies to their current use as immune checkpoint inhibitors; as well as adoptive cell transfer therapies; oncolytic viruses, and therapeutic cancer vaccination. Then, we aim to discuss the important role of nanomedicine to improve the performance of these immunotherapeutic tools to finally review the already marketed nanomedicine-based cancer immunotherapies. 

摘要翻译：

如今，得益于免疫治疗药物的临床应用，癌症治疗的格局已大为拓展。历经数十年失败探索后，癌症免疫治疗为众多癌症患者（尤其是皮肤癌如早期黑色素瘤患者）提供了令人振奋的新选择。然而，由于免疫疗法在体内分布不佳，那些影响内脏器官的癌症治疗仍面临漫长挑战。此刻，纳米医学作为一种充满希望的战略应运而生，通过调节生物分布以实现靶向器官蓄积，从而在提升疗效的同时降低副作用。本综述旨在重点探讨最具前景的癌症免疫治疗策略：从单克隆抗体及其传统靶向治疗应用，到当前作为免疫检查点抑制剂的创新使用；包括过继性细胞移植疗法、溶瘤病毒以及治疗性癌症疫苗。进而，我们将论述纳米医学在提升这些免疫治疗工具性能方面的重要作用，并最终对已上市基于纳米医学的癌症免疫疗法进行系统性评述。

原文链接：

Cancer immunotherapies revisited: state of the art of conventional treatments and next-generation nanomedicines