文章：

N6-甲基腺苷（m6A）甲基化在RNA加工和非传染性疾病中的调控作用

Regulatory roles of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation in RNA processing and non-communicable diseases 

原文发布日期：2024-06-05 

英文摘要：

Post-transcriptional RNA modification is an emerging epigenetic control mechanism in cells that is important in many different cellular and organismal processes. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is one of the most prevalent, prolific, and ubiquitous internal transcriptional alterations in eukaryotic mRNAs, making it an important topic in the field of Epigenetics. m6A methylation acts as a dynamical regulatory process that regulates the activity of genes and participates in multiple physiological processes, by supporting multiple aspects of essential mRNA metabolic processes, including pre-mRNA splicing, nuclear export, translation, miRNA synthesis, and stability. Extensive research has linked aberrations in m6A modification and m6A-associated proteins to a wide range of human diseases. However, the impact of m6A on mRNA metabolism and its pathological connection between m6A and other non-communicable diseases, including cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, liver diseases, and cancer remains in fragmentation. Here, we review the existing understanding of the overall role of mechanisms by which m6A exerts its activities and address new discoveries that highlight m6A’s diverse involvement in gene expression regulation. We discuss m6A deposition on mRNA and its consequences on degradation, translation, and transcription, as well as m6A methylation of non-coding chromosomal-associated RNA species. This study could give new information about the molecular process, early detection, tailored treatment, and predictive evaluation of human non-communicable diseases like cancer. We also explore more about new data that suggests targeting m6A regulators in diseases may have therapeutic advantages. 

摘要翻译：

转录后RNA修饰是一种新兴的表观遗传调控机制，在细胞中扮演重要角色，参与多种细胞及生物体进程。N6-甲基腺苷（m6A）是真核生物mRNA中最普遍、最丰富且无处不在的内部转录修饰，使其成为表观遗传学领域的重要研究方向。m6A甲基化作为一种动态调控过程，通过参与pre-mRNA剪接、核输出、翻译、miRNA合成及稳定性等mRNA代谢关键环节，调控基因活性并参与多种生理进程。大量研究表明m6A修饰及其相关蛋白的异常与多种人类疾病相关，但m6A对mRNA代谢的影响及其与心血管疾病、神经退行性疾病、肝脏疾病和癌症等非传染性疾病的病理关联仍存在认知空白。本文综述了当前对m6A作用机制的整体认识，并着重探讨了最新发现的m6A在基因表达调控中的多元作用。我们讨论了mRNA上m6A沉积对降解、翻译和转录的影响，以及非编码染色体相关RNA的m6A甲基化作用。本研究可为癌症等人类非传染性疾病的分子进程、早期检测、靶向治疗和预后评估提供新见解，同时深入探讨了靶向m6A调节因子在疾病治疗中可能具有的临床价值。

原文链接：

Regulatory roles of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation in RNA processing and non-communicable diseases