文章：

靶向癌症中的类凋亡：机遇与挑战

Targeting paraptosis in cancer: opportunities and challenges

原文发布日期：2024-01-04 

英文摘要：

Cell death can be classified into two primary categories: accidental cell death and regulated cell death (RCD). Within RCD, there are distinct apoptotic and non-apoptotic cell death pathways. Among the various forms of non-apoptotic RCD, paraptosis stands out as a unique mechanism characterized by distinct morphological changes within cells. These alterations encompass cytoplasmic vacuolization, organelle swelling, notably in the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, and the absence of typical apoptotic features, such as cell shrinkage and DNA fragmentation. Biochemically, paraptosis distinguishes itself by its independence from caspases, which are conventionally associated with apoptotic death. This intriguing cell death pathway can be initiated by various cellular stressors, including oxidative stress, protein misfolding, and specific chemical compounds. Dysregulated paraptosis plays a pivotal role in several critical cancer-related processes, such as autophagic degradation, drug resistance, and angiogenesis. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in our understanding of the mechanisms and regulation of paraptosis. Additionally, it delves into the potential of paraptosis-related compounds for targeted cancer treatment, with the aim of enhancing treatment efficacy while minimizing harm to healthy cells. 

摘要翻译： 

细胞死亡可分为两大主要类别：意外细胞死亡和受调控细胞死亡（RCD）。在受调控细胞死亡中，存在独特的凋亡性和非凋亡性细胞死亡途径。在各种非凋亡性受调控细胞死亡形式中，副凋亡以其独特的细胞内形态学变化而突出。这些改变包括细胞质空泡化、内质网和线粒体等细胞器肿胀，且缺乏典型凋亡特征（如细胞皱缩和DNA片段化）。在生物化学层面，副凋亡的显著特征是其不依赖于半胱天冬酶（caspases）——这类酶通常与凋亡性死亡相关。这种有趣的细胞死亡途径可由多种细胞应激源触发，包括氧化应激、蛋白质错误折叠和特定化学化合物。副凋亡失调在若干关键癌症相关进程中起着核心作用，例如自噬降解、耐药性和血管生成。本综述全面概述了近期在副凋亡机制与调控理解方面的进展，并深入探讨了基于副凋亡相关化合物的靶向癌症治疗潜力，旨在提升治疗效果的同时最大限度减少对健康细胞的损害。

原文链接：

Targeting paraptosis in cancer: opportunities and challenges