文章：

外泌体作为癌症诊断工具的新作用

Emerging role of exosomes as promising diagnostic tool for cancer 

原文发布日期：2019-09-03 

英文摘要：

The incidence of cancer is experiencing a steep rise in recent times. A survey report produced by GLOBOCAN 2018 estimates about 18.1 million new cases of cancer across 20 regions of the world. The bewildering number of people afflicted with cancer demands rapid diagnosis and treatment strategy. The current methods used for diagnosis of cancer are expensive, invasive, and time consuming. Hence, a new diagnostic panel has to be laid down to make the process less invasive, cost-effective, and rapid. A venture into identifying potential diagnostic targets introduced exosomes to the scientific community. A plethora of roles being packed into these biological cargoes makes them attractive targets for both therapeutic and diagnostic applications. Exosomes are membrane-bound extracellular vesicles packed with DNA, RNA, and proteins. Their presence in a wide array of body fluids such as breast milk, blood plasma, saliva, urine, serum, and cerebrospinal fluid makes them an excellent source of potential biomarkers. These nano-scale structures are capable of crossing hypoxic regions, systemic circulation and the territories of blood vessel barriers. In line with the above facts, the present review focuses on the therapeutic and diagnostic applications of exosomes in cancer. 

摘要翻译： 

近年来，癌症发病率呈现急剧上升趋势。GLOBOCAN 2018发布的调查报告显示，全球20个地区约有1810万新发癌症病例。这一惊人数字要求我们必须建立快速诊断和治疗策略。目前使用的癌症诊断方法成本高昂、具有侵入性且耗时较长。因此，需要制定新的诊断方案以使诊断过程更具微创性、成本效益和高效性。在探索潜在诊断标志物的过程中，外泌体进入了科学界的视野。这些生物载体承载着多种功能，使其成为治疗和诊断应用中有吸引力的靶标。外泌体是膜包被的细胞外囊泡，内含DNA、RNA和蛋白质。它们广泛存在于母乳、血浆、唾液、尿液、血清和脑脊液等多种体液中，这使其成为潜在生物标志物的优质来源。这些纳米级结构能够穿越缺氧区域、体循环系统及血管屏障区域。基于上述事实，本综述着重探讨外泌体在癌症领域的治疗与诊断应用价值。

原文链接：

Emerging role of exosomes as promising diagnostic tool for cancer