文章：

解剖microRNA 21在骨肉瘤中的功能作用

Dissecting the functional role of microRNA 21 in osteosarcoma 

原文发布日期：2019-03-25 

英文摘要：

Osteosarcoma (OS) is considered to be a malignant bone tumour that mainly affects the long bones, but it is also involved in other bones of the body. Currently, surgery and chemotherapy have achieved some response to patients with OS, but they are not increasing the survival rate as well as treatment options. Researchers made lot of drug options for OS, but yet, no treatment is existing in sight for the disease and needs a new insight into the molecular and signaling pathways for the disease. Now, it is necessary to develop a novel and alternative strategy for the prognosis, diagnosis and treatment options for OS. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a small non-coding RNA, and their size ranges from 18 to 22 nt in length. In the nucleus, miRNAs originate and transcribe into primary transcripts and later cleaved to produce stem loop-structured precursor nucleotides. microRNA 21 (miR-21) is considered to be a trivial marker for many diseases and has been upregulated in many cancers. Moreover, it plays a main role in proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis. miR-21 and its associated pathways are very important and play a critical role in the pathogenesis of OS and are considered to be a biomarker and a therapeutic target for OS. To our knowledge, there is no paper that demonstrates the responsibility and the role of miR-21 in OS and the number of studies related to miR-21 in OS is spare. Therefore, the main aim of this paper is to give an outline of the recent clinical investigation and importance of miR-21 in OS. It has been suggested that the up- and downregulation of miRNAs plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis and progression of OS. Normally, miR-21 was found to be upregulated in OS; however, we summarize the clinical relevance and the recent research findings associated with miR-21 in OS. 

摘要翻译： 

骨肉瘤（OS）是一种主要累及长骨的恶性骨肿瘤，但也可能发生于身体其他骨骼。目前手术和化疗虽对骨肉瘤患者产生了一定疗效，但并未显著提高生存率且治疗选择有限。研究人员已开发多种针对骨肉瘤的药物方案，然而该疾病至今仍缺乏有效治疗手段，亟需从分子及信号通路层面获得新见解。当前迫切需要开发新型替代策略以改善骨肉瘤的预后、诊断和治疗方案。microRNA（miRNA）是一种长度约18-22个核苷酸的非编码小RNA。其在细胞核内转录生成初级转录本，经剪切后形成具有茎环结构的前体核苷酸。microRNA-21（miR-21）被公认是多种疾病的重要标志物，在多种癌症中表达上调，并在细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭和凋亡过程中起主要调控作用。miR-21及其相关通路在骨肉瘤发病机制中具有关键作用，被视为骨肉瘤的生物标志物和治疗靶点。据我们所知，目前尚未有论文系统阐述miR-21在骨肉瘤中的作用机制，相关研究也较为匮乏。因此，本文旨在概述miR-21在骨肉瘤中的最新临床研究进展及其重要意义。已有研究表明miRNA的上下调在骨肉瘤发病机制和进展中起决定性作用。通常miR-21在骨肉瘤中呈上调表达状态，本文将系统总结miR-21在骨肉瘤中的临床相关性及最新研究发现。

原文链接：

Dissecting the functional role of microRNA 21 in osteosarcoma