文章：

患者来源肿瘤模型：食管癌临床前研究的适宜工具

Patient-derived tumor models: a suitable tool for preclinical studies on esophageal cancer

原文发布日期：2023-08-03 

英文摘要：

Esophageal cancer (EC) is the tenth most common cancer worldwide and has high morbidity and mortality. Its main subtypes include esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and esophageal adenocarcinoma, which are usually diagnosed during their advanced stages. The biological defects and inability of preclinical models to summarize completely the etiology of multiple factors, the complexity of the tumor microenvironment, and the genetic heterogeneity of tumors severely limit the clinical treatment of EC. Patient-derived models of EC not only retain the tissue structure, cell morphology, and differentiation characteristics of the original tumor, they also retain tumor heterogeneity. Therefore, compared with other preclinical models, they can better predict the efficacy of candidate drugs, explore novel biomarkers, combine with clinical trials, and effectively improve patient prognosis. This review discusses the methods and animals used to establish patient-derived models and genetically engineered mouse models, especially patient-derived xenograft models. It also discusses their advantages, applications, and limitations as preclinical experimental research tools to provide an important reference for the precise personalized treatment of EC and improve the prognosis of patients. 

摘要翻译： 

食管癌（ESophageal cancer, EC）是全球十大常见癌症之一，具有较高的发病率和死亡率。其主要亚型包括鳞状细胞癌和腺癌，这两种类型的肿瘤在晚期才被发现。由于前临床模型存在生物缺陷以及无法总结多种因素病因的完全性不足、肿瘤微环境的复杂性以及肿瘤基因异质性的限制，严重限制了食管癌临床治疗的效果。病源性模型不仅保留了原发肿瘤的组织结构、细胞形态和分化特性，同时也保留了肿瘤亚群特征。因此与其他前临床模型相比，他们更能预后候选药物疗效、探索新的标志因素、结合临床试验以及改善患者的预后效果。本文研究总结了建立病源性模型所使用的方法及使用的实验小鼠种类，特别是针对食管癌的病源性细胞系和基因修饰小鼠模型，并对它们的优点、应用及其局限性进行了探讨。目的是为食管癌的精准个性化治疗提供重要的参考以及提高患者的预后效果。

原文链接：

Patient-derived tumor models: a suitable tool for preclinical studies on esophageal cancer