文章：

CAR - T细胞和溶瘤病毒联合治疗：癌症免疫治疗的新时代

Combination therapy with CAR T cells and oncolytic viruses: a new era in cancer immunotherapy

原文发布日期：2021-06-22 

英文摘要：

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is an encouraging and fast-growing platform used for the treatment of various types of tumors in human body. Despite the recent success of CAR T-cell therapy in hematologic malignancies, especially in B-cell lymphoma and acute lymphoblastic leukemia, the application of this treatment approach in solid tumors faced several obstacles resulted from the heterogeneous expression of antigens as well as the induction of immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Oncolytic virotherapy (OV) is a new cancer treatment modality by the use of competent or genetically engineered viruses to replicate in tumor cells selectively. OVs represent potential candidates to synergize the current setbacks of CAR T-cell application in solid tumors and then and overcome them. As well, the application of OVs gives researches the ability to engineer the virus with payloads in the way that it selectively deliver a specific therapeutic agents in tumor milieu to reinforce the cytotoxic activity of CAR T cells. Herein, we made a comprehensive review on the outcomes resulted from the combination of CAR T-cell immunotherapy and oncolytic virotherapy for the treatment of solid cancers. In the current study, we also provided brief details on some challenges that remained in this field and attempted to shed a little light on the future perspectives. 

摘要翻译： 

嵌合抗原受体（CAR）T细胞疗法是一种前景广阔且快速发展的治疗平台，用于治疗人体多种类型肿瘤。尽管该疗法在血液系统恶性肿瘤（尤其是B细胞淋巴瘤和急性淋巴细胞白血病）中取得近期成功，但其在实体瘤治疗中的应用仍面临诸多障碍，这些障碍源于抗原的异质性表达以及免疫抑制性肿瘤微环境的形成。溶瘤病毒疗法（OV）是一种新型癌症治疗模式，通过使用有活性或经基因改造的病毒在肿瘤细胞中选择性复制。OV有望协同解决CAR T细胞在实体瘤应用中当前面临的困境并最终攻克这些难题。同时，OV的应用使研究者能够对病毒进行载荷设计，使其在肿瘤微环境中选择性递送特定治疗剂以增强CAR T细胞的细胞毒活性。本文就CAR T细胞免疫疗法与溶瘤病毒疗法联合治疗实体瘤的成果进行全面综述，并简要探讨该领域现存的一些挑战，尝试为未来研究方向提供初步见解。

原文链接：

Combination therapy with CAR T cells and oncolytic viruses: a new era in cancer immunotherapy