文章：

钙-癌症信号联系

The calcium–cancer signalling nexus

原文发布日期：2017-04-07

DOI: 10.1038/nrc.2017.18

类型: Review Article

开放获取: 否

要点：

1. Calcium is a ubiquitous but nuanced cellular signal; it regulates functions as diverse as cell motility, cell division and cell death. Precise control of the temporal and spatial aspects of calcium changes enable the signal to achieve specific cellular outcomes.
2. The nature of the calcium signal is controlled by a diverse array of calcium channels and pumps, and exchangers present on the plasma membrane and membranes of intracellular organelles. Certain cancers are associated with the remodelling of the expression of some of these proteins.
3. Calcium channels and pumps are amenable to targeting by pharmacological agents.
4. Calcium and calcium-regulating proteins contribute to many of the processes key to cancer cells, including proliferation, invasion and cell death. Several oncogenes and tumour suppressors have effects on calcium homeostasis.
5. Calcium signalling in the tumour microenvironment is likely to be a complex interplay between several different stromal cell types and cancer cells and represents new opportunities for therapeutic intervention.
6. The calcium signal is a crucial regulator of processes associated with tumour progression, including epithelial to mesenchymal transition and the acquisition of specific pathways important in therapeutic resistance.
7. The application of new methods to assess calcium signalling in vivo and over long periods of time will provide new insights into the remodelling of calcium signalling in cancer.

要点翻译：

1. 钙是一种普遍存在但微妙的细胞信号；它调控着多种功能，如细胞运动、细胞分裂和细胞死亡。对钙变化时间和空间层面的精确控制使该信号能够实现特定的细胞结果。
2. 钙信号的性质由多种钙通道、泵以及交换器控制，这些蛋白质存在于质膜和细胞内细胞器的膜上。某些癌症与这些蛋白质中部分表达的重塑有关。
3. 钙通道和泵可作为药物靶点。
4. 钙及钙调节蛋白参与调控癌细胞的许多关键过程，包括增殖、侵袭和细胞死亡。若干癌基因和肿瘤抑制因子对钙稳态具有影响。
5. 肿瘤微环境中的钙信号可能是多种不同基质细胞类型与癌细胞之间复杂的相互作用，这为治疗干预提供了新的机遇。
6. 钙信号是肿瘤进展相关过程的关键调节因子，包括上皮间质转化以及获得治疗耐药性中的重要特定通路。
7. 应用新方法评估体内和长期的钙信号传导，将为癌症中钙信号重塑提供新的见解。

英文摘要：

The calcium signal is a powerful and multifaceted tool by which cells can achieve specific outcomes. Cellular machinery important in tumour progression is often driven or influenced by changes in calcium ions; in some cases this regulation occurs within spatially defined regions. Over the past decade there has been a deeper understanding of how calcium signalling is remodelled in some cancers and the consequences of calcium signalling on key events such as proliferation, invasion and sensitivity to cell death. Specific calcium signalling pathways have also now been identified as playing important roles in the establishment and maintenance of multidrug resistance and the tumour microenvironment.

摘要翻译： 

钙信号是一种强大且多功能的工具，细胞借此实现特定功能。肿瘤进展中重要的细胞机制常由钙离子变化驱动或影响；在某些情况下，这种调控发生在空间限定的区域。过去十年间，人们对某些癌症中钙信号如何被重塑，以及钙信号对增殖、侵袭和细胞死亡敏感性等关键事件的影响，有了更深入的理解。特定钙信号通路也已被证实在多药耐药性的建立与维持以及肿瘤微环境中发挥重要作用。

原文链接：

The calcium–cancer signalling nexus