文章：

自然杀伤细胞监测和癌症治疗的新方面

New aspects of natural-killer-cell surveillance and therapy of cancer

原文发布日期：2002-11-01

DOI: 10.1038/nrc928

类型: Review Article

开放获取: 否

要点：

1. Natural-killer (NK) cells are important components of the innate immune system.
2. There is evidence of tumour rejection by NK cells. NK cells act against tumour initiation, growth and metastasis in rodents and humans.
3. NK cells suppress tumour cells though a variety of effector mechanisms, including the perforin/granzyme-containing granule-mediated pathway, death-receptor pathway and IFN-γ-mediated pathway.
4. NK-cell functions are regulated by the balance of inhibitory and activating signals that they receive through their various classes of receptor. Each class and functional role in controlling tumour immunity is discussed.
5. Co-stimulatory molecules that are expressed by NK cells further serve to control NK-cell antitumour function and evoke subsequent adaptive T-cell immunity.
6. The cytokine and chemokine environment serves to define the differentiation, proliferation and recruitment of NK cells.
7. NK cells might influence the development of adaptive immunity through cross-talk with antigen-presenting dendritic cells.
8. The clinical use of NK cells in patients has undergone 15 years of refinement. With the description of key developmental factors for NK cells and the definition of immunoglobulin-like receptors for MHC class I, more sophisticated approaches to NK-cell transfer are yielding impressive antitumour responses.

要点翻译：

1. 自然杀伤（NK）细胞是先天免疫系统的重要组成部分。
2. 有证据表明NK细胞可介导肿瘤排斥反应。在啮齿类动物和人类中，NK细胞能够对抗肿瘤的发生、生长和转移。
3. NK细胞通过多种效应机制抑制肿瘤细胞，包括含穿孔素/颗粒酶的颗粒介导途径、死亡受体途径和IFN-γ介导途径。
4. NK细胞功能受其通过各类受体接收的抑制性和激活性信号之间的平衡调控。本文讨论了各类受体在控制肿瘤免疫中的功能作用。
5. NK细胞表达的共刺激分子进一步调控其抗肿瘤功能，并激发后续的适应性T细胞免疫。
6. 细胞因子和趋化因子环境决定了NK细胞的分化、增殖和招募。
7. NK细胞可能通过与抗原呈递树突状细胞的交互作用影响适应性免疫的发展。
8. NK细胞在患者中的临床应用历经15年发展已日趋完善。随着NK细胞关键发育因子的明确及MHC I类分子免疫球蛋白样受体的界定，更精细化的NK细胞移植方法正在产生显著的抗肿瘤反应。

英文摘要：

Natural-killer (NK) cells form a first line of defence against pathogens or host cells that are stressed and/or cancerous. NK cells express surface receptors that receive signals from the environment and determine their response to foreign or malignant cells. NK cells respond to these signals by producing effector molecules that can both directly suppress tumour growth and convey important information to the rest of the immune system. We have only recently begun to appreciate the potential for NK cells to be rationally manipulated in the treatment of human cancers.

摘要翻译： 

自然杀伤（NK）细胞是抵御病原体或受胁迫和/或癌变宿主细胞的第一道防线。NK细胞表达表面受体，这些受体接收环境信号，并决定其对外来或恶性细胞的反应。NK细胞通过产生效应分子对这些信号作出反应，这些分子既可直接抑制肿瘤生长，也可向免疫系统其他部分传递重要信息。我们直到最近才开始认识到，在人类癌症治疗中有理性操控NK细胞的潜力。

原文链接：

New aspects of natural-killer-cell surveillance and therapy of cancer