文章：

中心体和癌症：重新审视一个长期的关系

Centrosomes and cancer: revisiting a long-standing relationship

原文发布日期：2015-10-23

DOI: 10.1038/nrc3995

类型: Review Article

开放获取: 否

要点：

1. Over a century ago, Theodor Boveri postulated that centrosome aberrations, which are prevalent in tumour cells, could cause cancer by promoting genome instability.
2. Centrosomes comprise centrioles plus surrounding pericentriolar material (PCM), and function as the major microtubule organizing centre (MTOC) of animal cells.
3. The canonical centrosome duplication cycle is tightly coupled to cell cycle progression, thus ensuring coordinated execution of DNA replication and centrosome duplication.
4. Cells with extra centrosomes can assemble a bipolar spindle owing to clustering mechanisms acting during mitosis, but undergo inaccurate chromosome segregation.
5. The presence of extra centrosomes can initiate tumour formation in Drosophila melanogaster, but not in the developing mammalian brain.
6. Centrosome aberrations could contribute to abnormal proliferation through other mechanisms, including by influencing spindle geometry, centriole inheritance in stem cell lineages, ciliary function or cell invasion.

要点翻译：

1. 一个多世纪前，西奥多·博韦里提出，在肿瘤细胞中普遍存在的中心体异常可能通过促进基因组不稳定性而导致癌症。
2. 中心体由中心粒及其周围的中心粒周围物质组成，作为动物细胞主要的微管组织中心发挥作用。
3. 典型的中心体复制周期与细胞周期进程紧密耦合，从而确保DNA复制和中心体复制的协调执行。
4. 具有额外中心体的细胞由于有丝分裂期间的聚类机制可以组装双极纺锤体，但会发生不准确的染色体分离。
5. 额外中心体的存在可以启动黑腹果蝇的肿瘤形成，但在发育中的哺乳动物大脑中则不会。
6. 中心体异常可能通过其他机制导致异常增殖，包括通过影响纺锤体几何结构、干细胞谱系中的中心粒遗传、纤毛功能或细胞侵袭。

英文摘要：

Over a century ago, centrosome aberrations were postulated to cause cancer by promoting genome instability. The mechanisms governing centrosome assembly and function are increasingly well understood, allowing for a timely reappraisal of this postulate. This Review discusses recent advances that shed new light on the relationship between centrosomes and cancer, and raise the possibility that centrosome aberrations contribute to this disease in different ways than initially envisaged.

摘要翻译： 

一个多世纪前，人们曾假设中心体异常通过促进基因组不稳定性而导致癌症。随着中心体组装和调控机制日益明晰，如今正是重新审视这一假设的时机。本文综述了最新进展，这些进展揭示了中心体与癌症关系的新视角，并提出中心体异常可能以不同于最初设想的方式参与癌症发生。

原文链接：

Centrosomes and cancer: revisiting a long-standing relationship