文章：

ID蛋白：癌症干细胞和肿瘤侵袭性的主要调节因子

The ID proteins: master regulators of cancer stem cells and tumour aggressiveness

原文发布日期：2014-01-20

DOI: 10.1038/nrc3638

类型: Review Article

开放获取: 否

要点：

1. Inhibitor of DNA binding (ID) proteins are a family of highly conserved transcriptional regulators that are pivotal both during developmental processes and in adult tissue homeostasis. ID proteins function by inhibiting basic helix–loop–helix, ETS and paired box (PAX) transcription factors and non-transcription factors of the RB family.
2. The major biological effect of ID protein activity is the inhibition of differentiation and maintenance of self-renewal and multipotency in stem cells, and this is coordinated with continuous cell cycling.
3. ID proteins are essential components of oncogenic pathways and are activated transcriptionally and post-transcriptionally by oncogenic factors. ID proteins are repressed by tumour suppressors although they have also been shown to function as tumour suppressors in specific tumour types.
4. ID proteins are overexpressed in many human cancers and deregulation of ID proteins has a direct role in cancer initiation, maintenance, progression and drug resistance.
5. The expression of ID proteins has a prognostic value in many human cancers and interfering with ID activity in tumours that have ID protein activation might provide new avenues for cancer treatment.

要点翻译：

1. DNA结合抑制因子（ID）蛋白是一类高度保守的转录调节因子，在发育过程和成体组织稳态中均发挥关键作用。ID蛋白通过抑制碱性螺旋-环-螺旋、ETS及配对盒（PAX）转录因子以及RB家族的非转录因子来实现其功能。
2. ID蛋白活性的主要生物学效应是抑制分化并维持干细胞的自我更新和多向分化潜能，这一过程与细胞周期的持续运行相协调。
3. ID蛋白是致癌通路的重要组成部分，可被致癌因子在转录和转录后水平激活。虽然研究表明ID蛋白在特定肿瘤类型中也可发挥抑癌作用，但通常会被肿瘤抑制因子所抑制。
4. ID蛋白在多种人类癌症中过度表达，其失调状态直接参与癌症的发生、维持、进展及耐药性形成。
5. ID蛋白的表达对多种人类癌症具有预后判断价值，在ID蛋白激活的肿瘤中干预其活性可能为癌症治疗开辟新途径。

英文摘要：

Inhibitor of DNA binding (ID) proteins are transcriptional regulators that control the timing of cell fate determination and differentiation in stem and progenitor cells during normal development and adult life. ID genes are frequently deregulated in many types of human neoplasms, and they endow cancer cells with biological features that are hijacked from normal stem cells. The ability of ID proteins to function as central 'hubs' for the coordination of multiple cancer hallmarks has established these transcriptional regulators as therapeutic targets and biomarkers in specific types of human tumours.

摘要翻译： 

DNA结合抑制因子（ID）蛋白是一类转录调控因子，在正常发育及成年期调控干细胞和祖细胞中细胞命运决定与分化的时机。ID基因在多种人类肿瘤中常发生失调，赋予癌细胞源自正常干细胞的生物学特性。ID蛋白可作为协调多种癌症特征的“枢纽”，因此已成为特定人类肿瘤的治疗靶点和生物标志物。

原文链接：

The ID proteins: master regulators of cancer stem cells and tumour aggressiveness