文章：

在转移过程中穿过内皮屏障

Crossing the endothelial barrier during metastasis

原文发布日期：2013-11-22

DOI: 10.1038/nrc3628

类型: Review Article

开放获取: 否

要点：

1. To form metastases, cancer cells twice cross the endothelial cells that line blood vessels (once during intravasation and once during extravasation).
2. Cancer cell extravasation usually occurs in small capillaries, where the cells can be physically trapped by size restriction and can then form stable attachments to endothelial cells.
3. Many pairs of ligand–receptor molecules contribute to the process of extravasation, including selectins, integrins, cadherins, CD44 and immunoglobulin superfamily receptors.
4. Cancer cells that are attached to endothelial cells interact with many other circulating cells in the bloodstream, including platelets, monocytes, neutrophils and natural killer cells, and these cells modulate the efficiency of cancer cell extravasation.
5. Cytokines and chemokines that increase endothelial barrier permeability (and therefore increase the efficiency of cancer cell extravasation) are often secreted by cancer cells or by associated circulating cells.

要点翻译：

1. 为形成转移，癌细胞需两次穿越血管内衬的内皮细胞（一次在 intravasation 过程中，一次在 extravasation 过程中）。
2. 癌细胞外渗通常发生在细小毛细血管中，这些细胞会因尺寸限制被物理性滞留，从而与内皮细胞形成稳定粘附。
3. 多种配体-受体分子对参与外渗过程，包括选择素、整合素、钙黏蛋白、CD44 及免疫球蛋白超家族受体。
4. 附着于内皮细胞的癌细胞会与血流中许多其他循环细胞相互作用，包括血小板、单核细胞、中性粒细胞和自然杀伤细胞，这些细胞可调节癌细胞外渗的效率。
5. 能够增加内皮屏障通透性的细胞因子和趋化因子常由癌细胞或相关循环细胞分泌，进而提升癌细胞外渗效率。

英文摘要：

During metastasis, cancer cells disseminate to other parts of the body by entering the bloodstream in a process that is called intravasation. They then extravasate at metastatic sites by attaching to endothelial cells that line blood vessels and crossing the vessel walls of tissues or organs. This Review describes how cancer cells cross the endothelial barrier during extravasation and how different receptors, signalling pathways and circulating cells such as leukocytes and platelets contribute to this process. Identification of the mechanisms that underlie cancer cell extravasation could lead to the development of new therapies to reduce metastasis.

摘要翻译： 

在转移过程中，癌细胞通过进入血液（即内渗）扩散至身体其他部位。随后，它们到达转移部位，附着于血管内皮细胞，并穿过组织或器官的血管壁（即外渗）。本文综述了癌细胞在外渗过程中如何跨越血管内皮屏障，以及不同受体、信号通路和循环细胞（如白细胞和血小板）如何参与这一过程。阐明癌细胞外渗的潜在机制，有望为开发减少转移的新疗法提供依据。

原文链接：

Crossing the endothelial barrier during metastasis