文章：

丝氨酸、甘氨酸和一碳单位：癌症代谢的完整循环

Serine, glycine and one-carbon units: cancer metabolism in full circle

原文发布日期：2013-07-04

DOI: 10.1038/nrc3557

类型: Review Article

开放获取: 否

要点：

1. One-carbon metabolism integrates cellular nutrient status by cycling carbon units from amino acid inputs to generate diverse outputs, including redox maintenance and cellular biosynthesis.
2. The epigenetic status of cells also seems to be directly linked to one-carbon metabolism through protein and nucleic acid methylation.
3. One-carbon metabolism has long been the focus of antimetabolite-based chemotherapy that includes the agents methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil — two of the most widely used chemotherapies. Additional therapies are currently being explored.
4. Recent findings have provided genetic and functional evidence that multiple nodes in the pathway contain candidate driver genes for oncogenesis.
5. Additional research in one-carbon metabolism may provide biomarkers that would enable advances in patient selection for antimetabolite chemotherapy.

要点翻译：

1. 一碳代谢通过循环氨基酸来源的碳单元，整合细胞营养状态，产生多种产物，包括氧化还原稳态维持和细胞生物合成。
2. 细胞的表观遗传状态似乎也通过蛋白质和核酸甲基化与一碳代谢直接相关。
3. 一碳代谢长期以来一直是抗代谢类化疗的焦点，包括药物甲氨蝶呤和5-氟尿嘧啶——这两种最广泛使用的化疗药物。目前正在探索其他疗法。
4. 最新研究发现提供了遗传和功能证据，表明该通路中的多个节点包含肿瘤发生的候选驱动基因。
5. 对一碳代谢的进一步研究可能提供生物标志物，从而推动抗代谢化疗患者选择方面的进展。

英文摘要：

One-carbon metabolism involving the folate and methionine cycles integrates nutritional status from amino acids, glucose and vitamins, and generates diverse outputs, such as the biosynthesis of lipids, nucleotides and proteins, the maintenance of redox status and the substrates for methylation reactions. Long considered a 'housekeeping' process, this pathway has recently been shown to have additional complexity. Genetic and functional evidence suggests that hyperactivation of this pathway is a driver of oncogenesis and establishes a link to cellular epigenetic status. Given the wealth of clinically available agents that target one-carbon metabolism, these new findings could present opportunities for translation into precision cancer medicine.

摘要翻译： 

一碳代谢涉及叶酸和甲硫氨酸循环，整合来自氨基酸、葡萄糖和维生素的营养状态，并产生多种输出，如脂质、核苷酸和生物合成、氧化还原状态的维持以及甲基化反应的底物。长期以来，这一过程被视为“管家”过程，但最近的研究表明其具有额外的复杂性。遗传和功能证据表明，该途径的过度激活是肿瘤发生的驱动因素，并与细胞表观遗传状态建立联系。鉴于有大量临床可用药物靶向一碳代谢，这些新发现可能为精准癌症医学的转化提供机会。

原文链接：

Serine, glycine and one-carbon units: cancer metabolism in full circle