文章：

幽门螺杆菌：胃癌及其他疾病

Helicobacter pylori: gastric cancer and beyond

原文发布日期：2010-06-01

DOI: 10.1038/nrc2857

类型: Review Article

开放获取: 否

要点：

1. Infection with Helicobacter pylori is the strongest known risk factor for gastric adenocarcinoma, but only a minority of colonized individuals develop cancer of the stomach.
2. H. pylori strains exhibit extensive genetic diversity and strain-specific proteins augment the risk for malignancy.
3. β-catenin signalling has an important role in conjunction with other oncogenic pathways in the regulation of host responses to H. pylori that have carcinogenic potential.
4. Transactivation of epidermal growth factor receptor may help us understand the epithelial signalling pathways that mediate H. pylori-induced carcinogenesis.
5. Chronic inflammation can induce aberrant β-catenin activation in the context of H. pylori infection.
6. A mechanistic understanding of H. pylori activation of oncogenic signalling may lead to key insights into malignancies that arise from inflammatory foci in other organ systems.

要点翻译：

1. 幽门螺杆菌感染是已知胃癌最强的风险因素，但仅有少数携带个体会发展为胃癌。
2. 幽门螺杆菌菌株表现出广泛的遗传多样性，其中菌株特异性蛋白会增加恶性病变风险。
3. β-连环蛋白信号通路与其他致癌通路协同作用，在调控宿主对具有致癌潜能的幽门螺杆菌反应中具有重要意义。
4. 表皮生长因子受体的反式激活机制，有助于我们理解介导幽门螺杆菌诱导癌变的上皮信号通路。
5. 在幽门螺杆菌感染背景下，慢性炎症可诱导异常的β-连环蛋白激活。
6. 从机制层面理解幽门螺杆菌对致癌信号的激活途径，或可为其他器官系统炎症病灶引发的恶性肿瘤提供关键认知。

英文摘要：

Helicobacter pylori is the dominant species of the human gastric microbiome, and colonization causes a persistent inflammatory response. H. pylori-induced gastritis is the strongest singular risk factor for cancers of the stomach; however, only a small proportion of infected individuals develop malignancy. Carcinogenic risk is modified by strain-specific bacterial components, host responses and/or specific host–microbe interactions. Delineation of bacterial and host mediators that augment gastric cancer risk has profound ramifications for both physicians and biomedical researchers as such findings will not only focus the prevention approaches that target H. pylori-infected human populations at increased risk for stomach cancer but will also provide mechanistic insights into inflammatory carcinomas that develop beyond the gastric niche.

摘要翻译： 

幽门螺杆菌是人类胃部微生物组的优势菌种，其定植会引发持续的炎症反应。幽门螺杆菌诱导的胃炎是胃癌最强的单一危险因素；然而，只有一小部分感染者会发展为恶性肿瘤。致癌风险受菌株特异性成分、宿主反应和/或特定宿主—微生物相互作用的调控。阐明增加胃癌风险的细菌和宿主介质，对临床医生和生物医学研究者均具有深远意义，因为这些发现不仅有助于针对幽门螺杆菌感染且胃癌风险升高的人群制定精准的预防策略，还将为超出胃部微环境、由炎症驱动的癌变提供机制性洞见。

原文链接：

Helicobacter pylori: gastric cancer and beyond