文章：

表皮生长因子受体抑制剂的皮肤毒性机制

Mechanisms of cutaneous toxicities to EGFR inhibitors

原文发布日期：2006-10-01

DOI: 10.1038/nrc1970

类型: Review Article

开放获取: 否

要点：

1. Cutaneous toxicities that result from treatment with epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors are common, affecting 45–100% of patients.
2. The most frequent reactions are: a papulopustular rash that affects the face and upper trunk; dry and itchy skin; inflammation around the nails, with or without brittle or deformed nails; loss of hair on the scalp; and increased growth of the eyelashes and facial hair.
3. Although rarely life-threatening, these reactions cause significant physical and psycho-social discomfort, which might lead to a decreased quality of life and the modification or discontinuation of anticancer therapy.
4. There are currently no established guidelines to prevent or manage these reactions. Mechanism-based approaches have proved successful in the clinical setting, but controlled trials are lacking.
5. Projects that are directed towards understanding and treating this phenomenon are essential for the progress of targeted therapies against cancer.

要点翻译：

1. 使用表皮生长因子受体抑制剂治疗导致的皮肤毒性反应很常见，影响45%-100%的患者。
2. 最常见的反应包括：累及面部和上躯干的丘疹脓疱性皮疹；皮肤干燥瘙痒；甲周炎症（伴或不伴指甲脆裂或变形）；头皮脱发；以及睫毛和面部毛发增生。
3. 这些反应虽极少危及生命，但会引起明显的生理和心理不适，可能导致生活质量下降，并促使抗癌治疗方案调整或中止。
4. 目前尚无既定的预防或管理这些反应的指南。基于作用机制的临床处理方法已证实有效，但尚缺乏对照试验。
5. 开展针对该现象的理解与治疗研究，对推进癌症靶向治疗的发展至关重要。

英文摘要：

The increased target specificity of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors (EGFRIs) is associated with the reduction or abolition of nonspecific and haematopoietic side effects. However, coincident inhibition of receptor activity in tissues that depend on EGFR signalling for normal function has undesirable consequences. Because of the key role of EGFR signalling in skin, dermatological toxicities have frequently been described with EGFRIs. The resultant significant physical and psycho-social discomfort might lead to interruption or dose modification of anticancer agents. There is an urgent need for an improved understanding of these toxicities to develop adequate staging systems and mechanistically driven therapies, and to ensure quality of life and consistent antineoplastic therapy.

摘要翻译： 

表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）抑制剂（EGFRIs）的靶点特异性提高，可减少或消除非特异性和造血系统副作用。然而，在依赖EGFR信号维持正常功能的组织中，同时抑制该受体活性会带来不良后果。由于EGFR信号在皮肤中发挥关键作用，使用EGFRIs常引发皮肤毒性。这些毒性导致的显著身体和心理社会不适，可能迫使抗癌治疗中断或调整剂量。因此，亟需深入理解这些毒性机制，以建立充分的分期体系并开发基于机制的治疗策略，从而保障患者生活质量并确保抗肿瘤治疗的连续性。

原文链接：

Mechanisms of cutaneous toxicities to EGFR inhibitors