文章：

免疫系统在癌症发展过程中的矛盾作用

Paradoxical roles of the immune system during cancer development

原文发布日期：2006-01-01

DOI: 10.1038/nrc1782

类型: Review Article

开放获取: 否

要点：

1. Adaptive and innate immune cells regulate tissue homeostasis and efficient wound healing.
2. Altered interactions between adaptive and innate immune cells can lead to chronic inflammatory disorders.
3. In cancers, an abundance of infiltrating innate immune cells, such as macrophages, mast cells and neutrophils, correlates with increased angiogenesis and/or poor prognosis.
4. In cancers, an abundance of infiltrating lymphocytes correlates with favourable prognosis.
5. Chronic inflammatory conditions enhance a predisposition to cancer development.
6. Long-term usage of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors reduces cancer incidence.
7. Polymorphisms in genes that regulate immune balance influence cancer risk.
8. Immune status in humans and in mouse models affects the risk of cancer development in an aetiology-dependent manner.
9. Genetic elimination or depletion of immune cells alters cancer progression in experimental models.
10. Activation of antitumour adaptive immune responses can suppress tumour growth.

要点翻译：

1. 适应性免疫细胞与先天免疫细胞共同调节组织稳态及高效伤口愈合。
2. 两者相互作用失调可导致慢性炎症性疾病。
3. 在癌症中，大量浸润的先天免疫细胞（如巨噬细胞、肥大细胞和中性粒细胞）与血管生成增加和/或不良预后相关。
4. 在癌症中，大量淋巴细胞浸润与良好预后相关。
5. 慢性炎症状态会增强癌症发生倾向。
6. 长期使用非甾体抗炎药和选择性环氧合酶-2抑制剂可降低癌症发病率。
7. 调控免疫平衡的基因多态性影响癌症风险。
8. 人类及小鼠模型中的免疫状态会以病因依赖的方式影响癌症发生风险。
9. 在实验模型中，免疫细胞的基因敲除或耗竭会改变癌症进展。
10. 抗肿瘤适应性免疫反应的激活可抑制肿瘤生长。

英文摘要：

The main function of the mammalian immune system is to monitor tissue homeostasis, to protect against invading or infectious pathogens and to eliminate damaged cells. Therefore, it is surprising that cancer occurs with such a high frequency in humans. Recent insights that have been gained from clinical studies and experimental mouse models of carcinogenesis expand our understanding of the complex relationship between immune cells and developing tumours. Here, we examine the paradoxical role of adaptive and innate leukocytes as crucial regulators of cancer development and highlight recent insights that have been gained by manipulating immune responses in mouse models of de novo and spontaneous tumorigenesis.

摘要翻译： 

哺乳动物免疫系统的主要功能是监测组织稳态，抵御入侵或感染性病原体，并清除受损细胞。因此，癌症在人类中如此高发令人惊讶。近期，临床研究和致癌作用实验小鼠模型获得的新见解，拓展了我们对免疫细胞与正在形成肿瘤之间复杂关系的认识。本文探讨适应性与先天性白细胞作为癌症发展关键调控者的矛盾角色，并重点介绍通过操控免疫反应在新生及自发性肿瘤小鼠模型中获得的新发现。

原文链接：

Paradoxical roles of the immune system during cancer development