文章：

治疗过程中癌细胞的再生是治疗失败的重要原因

Repopulation of cancer cells during therapy: an important cause of treatment failure

原文发布日期：2005-06-20

DOI: 10.1038/nrc1650

类型: Review Article

开放获取: 否

要点：

1. The repopulation of surviving tumour cells during treatment with radiation and chemotherapy is an important cause of treatment failure.
2. The rate of repopulation often increases with time during treatment with either radiotherapy or chemotherapy.
3. Mechanisms that underlie tumour repopulation are poorly understood, but might involve the proliferation of tumour cells that are distant from blood vessels and that were destined to die in the absence of cancer treatment.
4. Prolongation of a course of fractionated radiotherapy requires a substantial increase in total dose, to counter the effects of accelerated repopulation.
5. Accelerated repopulation during successive courses of chemotherapy can lead to an initial response followed by tumour regrowth in the absence of any change in the intrinsic sensitivity of the tumour cells.
6. Accelerated radiotherapy and dose-dense chemotherapy (with support from growth factors) represent promising strategies for reducing the effects of repopulation by shortening the overall treatment time.
7. The use of molecular-targeted cytostatic agents during radiotherapy, or between courses of chemotherapy, is a promising strategy to inhibit repopulation and thereby to improve therapeutic outcome.

要点翻译：

1. 在放疗和化疗期间，存活肿瘤细胞的再增殖是治疗失败的一个重要原因。
2. 无论是放疗还是化疗，再增殖速率通常随着治疗时间的推移而增加。
3. 肿瘤再增殖的潜在机制尚不明确，但可能涉及远离血管、在未进行抗癌治疗的情况下本会死亡的肿瘤细胞的增殖。
4. 延长分次放疗疗程需要显著增加总剂量，以对抗加速再增殖的影响。
5. 在连续化疗疗程中，加速再增殖可能导致初始治疗有效，随后肿瘤再生，而肿瘤细胞的内在敏感性并未发生任何变化。
6. 加速放疗和剂量密集型化疗（在生长因子支持下）通过缩短总治疗时间来减少再增殖的影响，是前景广阔的策略。
7. 在放疗期间或化疗疗程之间使用分子靶向细胞抑制药物，是抑制再增殖从而提高治疗效果的一种有前景的策略。

英文摘要：

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are given in multiple doses, which are spaced out to allow the recovery of normal tissues between treatments. However, surviving cancer cells also proliferate during the intervals between treatments and this process of repopulation is an important cause of treatment failure. Strategies developed to overcome repopulation have improved clinical outcomes, and now new strategies to inhibit repopulation are emerging in parallel with advances in the understanding of underlying biological mechanisms.

摘要翻译： 

放疗和化疗需多次给药，其间设置间隔以使正常组织得以修复；然而，存活的癌细胞也会在治疗间隔中增殖，这种再群体化过程是治疗失败的重要原因。为克服再群体化而制定的策略已改善了临床结局，如今，随着对其潜在生物学机制认识的深入，抑制再群体化的新策略亦不断涌现。

原文链接：

Repopulation of cancer cells during therapy: an important cause of treatment failure