文章：

肿瘤干细胞与耐药性

Tumour stem cells and drug resistance

原文发布日期：2005-04-01

DOI: 10.1038/nrc1590

类型: Review Article

开放获取: 否

要点：

1. Stem-cell populations have been identified in a range of haematopoietic and solid tumours, and might represent the cell of origin of these tumours.
2. Normal and cancer stem cells express high levels of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, such as ABCB1, which encodes P-glycoprotein, and the half-transporter ABCG2, which was originally identified in mitoxantrone-resistant cells.
3. The drug-transporting property of stem cells conferred by ABC transporters is the basis for the 'side-population' phenotype that arises from the exclusion of the fluorescent dye Hoechst 33342.
4. Cancer stem cells are likely to share many of the properties of normal stem cells that provide for a long lifespan, including relative quiescence, resistance to drugs and toxins through the expression of several ABC transporters, an active DNA-repair capacity and a resistance to apoptosis. Therefore, tumours might have a built-in population of drug-resistant pluripotent cells that can survive chemotherapy and repopulate the tumour.

要点翻译：

1. 许多类型B细胞淋巴瘤的一个典型特征是涉及某个免疫球蛋白基因位点与原癌基因的相互染色体易位。此类易位使原癌基因受控于活性免疫球蛋白基因位点，导致易位基因出现不受调控的持续性表达。
2. 正常B细胞的存活依赖于B细胞受体（BCR）的表达。这种对BCR表达的选择机制在大多数恶性B细胞中同样存在。
3. 尽管有充分证据表明大多数B细胞淋巴瘤依赖BCR表达，但仍存在少数例外——即经典型霍奇金淋巴瘤、原发性纵隔B细胞淋巴瘤、部分移植后淋巴瘤以及罕见的原发性渗出性淋巴瘤。
4. 有强烈迹象表明，在多种淋巴瘤中，淋巴瘤细胞能够识别抗原，且抗原结合刺激有助于淋巴瘤细胞的存活和增殖。
5. 在滤泡性淋巴瘤、黏膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤和经典型霍奇金淋巴瘤等许多淋巴瘤中，肿瘤微环境似乎对淋巴瘤细胞的存活和/或增殖至关重要。
6. 认识到许多B细胞淋巴瘤的存活和/或增殖取决于其与微环境中其他细胞的相互作用、B细胞受体的表达以及有时抗原的激活，可能为B细胞淋巴瘤带来新的治疗选择。

英文摘要：

The contribution of tumorigenic stem cells to haematopoietic cancers has been established for some time, and cells possessing stem-cell properties have been described in several solid tumours. Although chemotherapy kills most cells in a tumour, it is believed to leave tumour stem cells behind, which might be an important mechanism of resistance. For example, the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) drug transporters have been shown to protect cancer stem cells from chemotherapeutic agents. Gaining a better insight into the mechanisms of stem-cell resistance to chemotherapy might therefore lead to new therapeutic targets and better anticancer strategies.

摘要翻译： 

致瘤性干细胞对血液系统肿瘤的贡献早已确立，并且在多种实体瘤中也发现了具有干细胞特性的细胞。尽管化疗可以杀死肿瘤中的大部分细胞，但被认为会残留肿瘤干细胞，这可能是耐药的重要机制。例如，ATP结合盒（ABC）药物转运蛋白已被证明可以保护癌症干细胞免受化疗药物的杀伤。因此，深入了解干细胞对化疗耐药的机制，可能带来新的治疗靶点和更有效的抗癌策略。

原文链接：

Tumour stem cells and drug resistance