文章：

爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒：40年来

Epstein–Barr virus: 40 years on

原文发布日期：2004-10-01

DOI: 10.1038/nrc1452

类型: Review Article

开放获取: 否

要点：

1. Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection is implicated in the aetiology of several different lymphoid and epithelial malignancies.
2. EBV-encoded latent genes induce B-cell transformation in vitro by altering cellular gene transcription and constitutively activating key cell-signalling pathways.
3. EBV exploits the physiology of normal B-cell differentiation to persist within the memory-B-cell pool of the immunocompetent host.
4. Immunosuppressed transplant patients are at risk of developing fatal EBV-transformed B-cell proliferations, presenting as 'post-transplant lymphomas'.
5. Other EBV-associated tumours show more restricted forms of latent gene expression, reflecting a more complex pathogenesis that involves additional cofactors.
6. Pharmacological and immunotherapeutic approaches are being developed to treat or prevent EBV-associated tumours.

要点翻译：

1. EB病毒（EBV）感染与多种淋巴组织和上皮组织恶性肿瘤的病因相关。
2. EB病毒编码的潜伏基因通过改变细胞基因转录、持续激活关键细胞信号通路，在体外诱导B细胞转化。
3. EB病毒利用正常B细胞分化生理机制，在免疫健全宿主的记忆B细胞池中持续存在。
4. 免疫抑制的移植患者面临发生致命性EB病毒转化B细胞增殖的风险，表现为“移植后淋巴瘤”。
5. 其他EB病毒相关肿瘤表现出更为受限的潜伏基因表达模式，反映了涉及多种辅助因子的更复杂发病机制。
6. 目前正在开发药物疗法和免疫疗法以治疗或预防EB病毒相关肿瘤。

英文摘要：

Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) was discovered 40 years ago from examining electron micrographs of cells cultured from Burkitt's lymphoma, a childhood tumour that is common in sub-Saharan Africa, where its unusual geographical distribution — which matches that of holoendemic malaria —indicated a viral aetiology. However, far from showing a restricted distribution, EBV — a γ-herpesvirus — was found to be widespread in all human populations and to persist in the vast majority of individuals as a lifelong, asymptomatic infection of the B-lymphocyte pool. Despite such ubiquity, the link between EBV and 'endemic' Burkitt's lymphoma proved consistent and became the first of an unexpectedly wide range of associations discovered between this virus and tumours.

摘要翻译： 

EB病毒（Epstein–Barr virus, EBV）是在40年前通过电子显微镜观察伯基特淋巴瘤细胞培养样本时发现的。伯基特淋巴瘤是一种在撒哈拉以南非洲常见的儿童肿瘤，其异常的地理分布与疟疾全地方性流行区高度一致，提示可能存在病毒病因。然而，与预期的局限性分布相反，EBV作为一种γ-疱疹病毒，被发现广泛存在于所有人群中，并在绝大多数人中长期潜伏于B淋巴细胞池中，表现为终生无症状感染。尽管EBV如此普遍，其与“地方性”伯基特淋巴瘤之间的关联却始终保持一致，这也成为该病毒与多种肿瘤之间一系列意想不到关联中的首个发现。

原文链接：

Epstein–Barr virus: 40 years on