文章：

透明质酸：从细胞外到细胞表面

Hyaluronan: from extracellular glue to pericellular cue

原文发布日期：2004-07-01

DOI: 10.1038/nrc1391

类型: Review Article

开放获取: 否

要点：

1. Hyaluronan is a large, negatively charged polysaccharide that participates in defining the properties of pericellular matrices and in transducing signals in proliferating and migrating cells.
2. Hyaluronan and hyaluronidase are overproduced in many types of human tumour.
3. Experimentally increased hyaluronan production stimulates tumour growth and metastasis in xenograft models, whereas antagonists of hyaluronan synthesis or of the interactions between hyaluranon and its receptors suppress these phenomena.
4. Interactions between hyaluronan and tumour cell-surface receptors influence many intracellular signalling pathways, notably ERBB2 activity and anti-apoptotic pathways.
5. Increased production of hyaluronan induces drug resistance, whereas hyaluronan antagonists suppress multidrug resistance.
6. Hyaluronan promotes cell invasiveness and epithelial–mesenchymal transition.
7. Breakdown products of hyaluronan stimulate angiogenesis.

要点翻译：

1. 透明质酸是一种带负电荷的大分子多糖，参与界定细胞周基质的特性，并在增殖和迁移细胞中传导信号。
2. 多种人类肿瘤中透明质酸和透明质酸酶均过度产生。
3. 实验研究表明，增加透明质酸产量可刺激异种移植模型中的肿瘤生长和转移，而透明质酸合成拮抗剂或透明质酸与其受体相互作用的抑制剂则能抑制这些现象。
4. 透明质酸与肿瘤细胞表面受体的相互作用影响多种细胞内信号通路，尤其是ERBB2活性和抗凋亡通路。
5. 透明质酸产量增加会诱导耐药性，而透明质酸拮抗剂可抑制多药耐药性。
6. 透明质酸促进细胞侵袭能力和上皮-间质转化。
7. 透明质酸分解产物则刺激血管生成。

英文摘要：

Hyaluronan is an extracellular and cell-surface-associated polysaccharide that is traditionally regarded as a biological 'goo' that participates in lubricating joints or holding together gel-like connective tissues. Although these are common physiological roles of hyaluronan in adult organisms, hyaluronan also functions as a microenvironmental cue that co-regulates cell behaviour during embryonic development, healing processes, inflammation and tumour development. Recent work highlights a key role for interactions between hyaluronan and tumour cells in several aspects of malignancy and indicates the possibility of new therapeutic strategies.

摘要翻译： 

透明质酸是一种存在于细胞外并与细胞表面相关的多糖，传统上被视为一种生物“黏液”，参与关节润滑或将凝胶状结缔组织维系在一起。尽管这些在成年个体中是透明质酸常见的生理功能，它还作为微环境信号，在胚胎发育、愈合过程、炎症及肿瘤发展中协同调控细胞行为。近期研究强调，透明质酸与肿瘤细胞之间的相互作用在恶性肿瘤的多个方面发挥关键作用，并提示了新的治疗策略的可能性。

原文链接：

Hyaluronan: from extracellular glue to pericellular cue