文章：

细胞因子在癌症发病和治疗中的作用

Cytokines in cancer pathogenesis and cancer therapy

原文发布日期：2004-01-01

DOI: 10.1038/nrc1252

类型: Review Article

开放获取: 否

要点：

1. Immune-cell infiltrates constitute a prominent component of the host response to cancer in some cases, but their functional significance remains incompletely understood.
2. Cancer cells express antigens that can be recognized by both the innate and adaptive immune systems.
3. Host-derived cytokines can suppress tumour formation by controlling infection, inflammation and immunity.
4. Tumour cells can exploit host-derived cytokines to promote growth, increase resistance to apoptosis and foster dissemination.
5. The systemic administration of cytokines can elicit antitumour effects, but the toxicities that are associated with this treatment often resemble a state of severe infection and can therefore be limiting.
6. Tumour cells can be genetically modified to express particular cytokines that stimulate the host immune response, thereby acquiring the capacity to function as cancer vaccines.
7. Antibody blockade of the CTLA-4 inhibitory receptor on T cells is a promising strategy to increase the potency of cancer vaccines, albeit with a risk of compromising tolerance to self-antigens.

要点翻译：

1. 免疫细胞浸润在某些情况下构成宿主对癌症反应的重要组成部分，但其功能意义仍未完全阐明。
2. 癌细胞表达可被先天性和适应性免疫系统识别的抗原。
3. 宿主源性细胞因子可通过控制感染、炎症和免疫来抑制肿瘤形成。
4. 肿瘤细胞可利用宿主源性细胞因子促进生长、增强抗凋亡能力并推动播散。
5. 全身给予细胞因子可引发抗肿瘤效应，但与此治疗相关的毒性反应常类似于严重感染状态，因此可能具有局限性。
6. 通过基因修饰使肿瘤细胞表达特定细胞因子以刺激宿主免疫反应，从而使其获得作为癌症疫苗的功能。
7. T细胞上CTLA-4抑制性受体的抗体阻断是一种有前景的策略，可增强癌症疫苗的效力，但存在破坏自身抗原耐受性的风险。

英文摘要：

The mixture of cytokines that is produced in the tumour microenvironment has an important role in cancer pathogenesis. Cytokines that are released in response to infection, inflammation and immunity can function to inhibit tumour development and progression. Alternatively, cancer cells can respond to host-derived cytokines that promote growth, attenuate apoptosis and facilitate invasion and metastasis. A more detailed understanding of cytokine–tumour-cell interactions provides new opportunities for improving cancer immunotherapy.

摘要翻译： 

肿瘤微环境中产生的细胞因子混合物在癌症发病机制中起着重要作用。由感染、炎症和免疫反应所释放的细胞因子可抑制肿瘤的发生与发展。相反，癌细胞也能对宿主来源的促生长、抗凋亡并促进侵袭和转移的细胞因子产生反应。更深入地理解细胞因子与肿瘤细胞的相互作用，为改进癌症免疫治疗提供了新的契机。

原文链接：

Cytokines in cancer pathogenesis and cancer therapy