文章：

TGF-β在稳态和肿瘤中的细胞抑制和凋亡作用

Cytostatic and apoptotic actions of TGF-β in homeostasis and cancer

原文发布日期：2003-11-01

DOI: 10.1038/nrc1208

类型: Review Article

开放获取: 否

要点：

1. Members of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family maintain homeostasis in many organ systems under normal physiological conditions.
2. Antiproliferative and apoptotic responses to TGF-β in epithelial, endothelial, neuronal and haematopoietic cells effectively limit the growth of these cell lineages.
3. The importance of TGF-β as a growth suppressor is demonstrated by the disruption of TGF-β signalling components in human cancers.
4. Certain tumours develop resistance to TGF-β growth-suppressive effects in the absence of mutations that disrupt the core TGF-β pathway.
5. TGF-β induces epithelial–mesenchymal transitions (EMT) in cancer cells, and pro-angiogenic and immunosuppressive effects on the tumour microenvironment, all of which promote cancer progression.
6. TGF-β acts as an important mediator of metastasis to specific organ sites — such as breast cancer metastasis to the bone — by increasing the expression of tissue-specific metastasis genes.

要点翻译：

1. 转化生长因子-β（TGF-β）家族成员在正常生理条件下维持多器官系统的稳态。
2. TGF-β对上皮细胞、内皮细胞、神经元及造血细胞产生的抗增殖与凋亡应答效应，可有效限制这些细胞谱系的生长。
3. 人类癌症中TGF-β信号通路组分的异常破坏，证实了TGF-β作为生长抑制因子的重要性。
4. 部分肿瘤即使未出现核心TGF-β通路的相关突变，仍能对TGF-β的生长抑制效应产生抵抗。
5. TGF-β可诱导癌细胞发生上皮-间质转化（EMT），并对肿瘤微环境产生促血管生成和免疫抑制效应，这些机制共同促进癌症进展。
6. 通过增强组织特异性转移基因的表达，TGF-β成为特定器官（如乳腺癌骨转移）转移的重要介质。

英文摘要：

The cytostatic and apoptotic functions of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) help restrain the growth of mammalian tissues; loss of these effects leads to hyperproliferative disorders and is common in cancer. However, tumour cells that are relieved from TGF-β growth constraints might then overproduce this cytokine to create a local immunosuppressive environment that fosters tumour growth and exacerbates the invasive and metastatic behaviour of the tumour cells themselves. For these reasons, there is a growing interest in understanding and therapeutically targeting TGF-β-mediated processes in cancer progression.

摘要翻译： 

转化生长因子-β（TGF-β）的细胞抑制和促凋亡功能有助于抑制哺乳动物组织的生长；这些效应的丧失会导致过度增殖性疾病，在癌症中很常见。然而，那些摆脱了TGF-β生长限制的肿瘤细胞可能会过度产生这种细胞因子，从而形成一个局部免疫抑制环境，促进肿瘤生长，并加剧肿瘤细胞自身的侵袭和转移行为。出于这些原因，人们越来越有兴趣了解并治疗性靶向癌症进展中的TGF-β介导过程。

原文链接：

Cytostatic and apoptotic actions of TGF-β in homeostasis and cancer