文章：

干细胞和分化细胞在表皮肿瘤中的作用

Contribution of stem cells and differentiated cells to epidermal tumours

原文发布日期：2003-06-01

DOI: 10.1038/nrc1096

类型: Review Article

开放获取: 否

要点：

1. Epidermal stem-cell progeny give rise to the differentiated cells of the interfollicular epidermis (IFE), hair follicles and sebaceous glands.
2. Multipotent epidermal stem cells are likely to be the main target cells for the various types of epidermal tumour.
3. Differentiated cells can regulate the clonal expansion of mutant stem-cell clones.
4. Epidermal cancer comprises many different tumour types, including basal-cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC), trichofolliculoma, pilomatricoma and sebaceous adenoma.
5. Factors responsible for the genesis of specific tumour types have been identified. Some, such as RAS and p53, are important for growth, and others, such as β-catenin, are important for determining differentiated characteristics.

要点翻译：

1. 表皮干细胞的后代产生毛囊间表皮（IFE）、毛囊和皮脂腺的分化细胞。
2. 多能表皮干细胞可能是各类表皮肿瘤的主要靶细胞。
3. 分化细胞可以调控突变干细胞克隆的克隆性扩增。
4. 表皮癌包括多种不同的肿瘤类型，如基底细胞癌（BCC）、鳞状细胞癌（SCC）、毛囊瘤、毛母质瘤和皮脂腺腺瘤。
5. 导致特定肿瘤类型发生的因素已被确定。其中一些因子（如RAS和p53）对生长至关重要，而其他因子（如β-连环蛋白）则对决定分化特征具有重要意义。

英文摘要：

The outer covering of the skin — the epidermis — is subject to sustained environmental assaults. As a result, many cells acquire potentially oncogenic mutations. Most cells are lost through differentiation, and only long-term epidermal residents, such as stem cells, accumulate the number of genetic hits that are necessary for tumour development. So, what genetic and environmental factors determine whether a mutant stem cell forms a tumour and what type of tumour will develop?

摘要翻译： 

皮肤的外层——表皮——持续受到环境侵袭。因此，许多细胞获得潜在致癌突变。大多数细胞在分化过程中丢失，只有长期驻留的表皮细胞（如干细胞）才会累积肿瘤发生所需的多次遗传打击。那么，哪些遗传和环境因素决定一个突变干细胞是否形成肿瘤，以及会形成哪种类型的肿瘤？

原文链接：

Contribution of stem cells and differentiated cells to epidermal tumours