Background:High-frequency ultrasound (HFUS) has emerged as a valuable non-invasive imaging modality for the preoperative assessment of basal cell carcinoma (BCC). However, its ability to reliably differentiate between histopathological subtypes based on morphological and vascular characteristics requires further validation.Methods:Between January 2010 and December 2011, 320 patients with a total of 330 histologically confirmed BCC lesions were examined using HFUS (15–18 MHz linear transducer). Lesions were classified according to ultrasound contour (sharp vs. irregular) and vascularity (hypervascular vs. hypovascular) and correlated with histopathological subtype (solid vs. infiltrative). Postoperative ultrasound follow-up was performed in a subset of patients for recurrence detection.Results:Solid BCCs were predominantly characterised by sharp, well-defined margins, whereas infiltrative tumours more frequently exhibited irregular contours. This association was highly significant (χ2= 24.7, df = 1,p< 0.001; OR = 71.9, 95% CI: 37.0–139.8). Vascularity patterns also differed significantly between subtypes: solid tumours were more likely to present with hypervascular features, while infiltrative tumours more frequently exhibited hypovascular patterns (χ2= 23.8, df = 1,p< 0.001; OR = 3.24). No statistically significant associations were observed between ultrasound morphology and patient sex or age. Among patients who participated in postoperative HFUS follow-up, seven histologically confirmed recurrences were detected.Conclusions:HFUS provides reliable preoperative information on BCC morphology and vascularity, enabling accurate differentiation between solid and infiltrative subtypes. These findings support the role of HFUS as a valuable adjunct to dermatoscopy in treatment planning and postoperative surveillance of BCC.
背景：高频超声（HFUS）已成为术前评估基底细胞癌（BCC）的一种有价值的非侵入性成像方式。然而，其基于形态学和血管特征可靠区分组织病理学亚型的能力仍需进一步验证。方法：2010年1月至2011年12月期间，对320例患者的共330处经组织学确诊的BCC病灶进行高频超声检查（采用15-18 MHz线性探头）。根据超声轮廓（清晰 vs. 不规则）和血管分布（富血管 vs. 少血管）对病灶进行分类，并与组织病理学亚型（实体型 vs. 浸润型）进行关联分析。对部分患者进行了术后超声随访以检测复发情况。结果：实体型BCC主要表现为轮廓清晰、边界分明，而浸润型肿瘤则更常呈现不规则轮廓。这种关联具有高度统计学意义（χ²=24.7，df=1，p<0.001；OR=71.9，95% CI：37.0-139.8）。不同亚型间的血管分布模式也存在显著差异：实体型肿瘤更可能表现为富血管特征，而浸润型肿瘤更常呈现少血管模式（χ²=23.8，df=1，p<0.001；OR=3.24）。超声形态学特征与患者性别或年龄之间未观察到统计学显著关联。在参与术后高频超声随访的患者中，检测到7例经组织学证实的复发。结论：高频超声能为BCC的形态学和血管分布提供可靠的术前信息，从而准确区分实体型与浸润型亚型。这些发现支持高频超声作为皮肤镜检查的重要辅助手段，在BCC治疗规划和术后监测中发挥价值。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家