Background/Objectives: Aromatase inhibitors (AIs)—specifically, letrozole, anastrozole and exemestane—represent the current gold standard for patients with estrogen-receptor-positive breast cancer (ER + BC). This narrative review highlights potential interactions between nutrients and AIs, elucidating their molecular mechanisms involved.Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted across the PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases to identify scientific publications and elucidate recommended dietary regimes for ER + BC patients treated with AIs.Results: Certain bioactive substances found in licorice, rosemary, juniper, cannabis, and citrus fruits exhibit intrinsic aromatase-inhibiting effects. Additionally, other nutrients and compounds—including honey, ginger, turmeric, sweet potatoes, pomegranates, bitter melon, dark sweet cherries, resveratrol, and vitamins D and C—contribute to treatment outcomes through their demonstrated antiproliferative properties. Certain natural compounds, such as soy, cow’s milk, sesame seeds, and sesame oil, require caution due to their potential estrogen-like effects which could diminish the anti-estrogenic efficacy of AIs.Conclusions: These considerations hold significant weight in this context, as the management of oncological patients—particularly women with ER + BC—requires an integrated perspective. Antineoplastic treatment must be supported by appropriate nutrition to enhance antitumor efficacy and improve the patient’s quality of life. The data presented herein are derived from in vitro, in silico, and animal model studies and await validation in large patient cohorts. Nevertheless, these findings pave the way for future research to elucidate these molecular phenomena in humans and to establish clinically significant conclusions for ER + BC patients.
背景/目的：芳香化酶抑制剂（AIs）——特别是来曲唑、阿那曲唑和依西美坦——是目前雌激素受体阳性乳腺癌（ER + BC）患者治疗的金标准。本综述重点探讨营养素与AIs之间潜在的相互作用，阐明其涉及的分子机制。方法：通过系统检索PubMed、ScienceDirect、Google Scholar和Scopus数据库，筛选相关科学文献，以明确接受AIs治疗的ER + BC患者推荐的饮食方案。结果：甘草、迷迭香、杜松、大麻和柑橘类水果中含有的某些生物活性物质具有内在的芳香化酶抑制作用。此外，其他营养素和化合物——包括蜂蜜、生姜、姜黄、红薯、石榴、苦瓜、黑甜樱桃、白藜芦醇以及维生素D和C——通过其已证实的抗增殖特性对治疗结果产生积极影响。某些天然化合物，如大豆、牛奶、芝麻和芝麻油，因其潜在的类雌激素效应需谨慎使用，可能降低AIs的抗雌激素疗效。结论：这些考量在当前背景下具有重要意义，因为肿瘤患者——尤其是ER + BC女性患者——的管理需要综合视角。抗肿瘤治疗必须辅以适当的营养支持，以增强抗肿瘤疗效并提高患者生活质量。本文数据来源于体外研究、计算机模拟及动物模型实验，尚待在大规模患者队列中得到验证。尽管如此，这些发现为未来研究阐明这些分子现象在人体中的作用，并为ER + BC患者建立具有临床意义的结论奠定了基础。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家