Introduction: Histopathologic assessment of surgical specimens imparts crucial information that is essential for diagnosis, treatment planning and prognostication for patients with Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OPSCC). This review explores the range of diagnostic techniques utilized to assess the HPV (Human Papilloma Virus) status in OPSCC. It covers both traditional methods—such as p16 immunohistochemistry, HPV in situ hybridization, and DNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR)—and newer, evolving strategies including circulating HPV tumor DNA analysis and oral HPV DNA/mRNA PCR testing. Discussion: There are currently several histopathologic techniques for the diagnosis of HPV-associated OPSCC. This complexity of care has led to guidelines from numerous authorities (NCCN, ASCO, CAP), which this paper discusses and summarizes for head and neck oncology specialists. Conclusion: The ability to detect HPV in HPV-associated OPSCC is imperative for diagnosis, prognostication, staging, and management of the disease. Advances including liquid biopsy (TTMV-HPV DNA) may be utilized as an adjunct to diagnosis, treatment, and cancer surveillance in the future.
引言：手术标本的组织病理学评估为口咽鳞状细胞癌（OPSCC）患者提供了诊断、治疗规划和预后判断所必需的关键信息。本综述探讨了用于评估OPSCC中HPV（人乳头瘤病毒）状态的各类诊断技术，涵盖传统方法（如p16免疫组化染色、HPV原位杂交和DNA聚合酶链式反应）以及新兴发展策略（包括循环HPV肿瘤DNA分析和口腔HPV DNA/mRNA PCR检测）。讨论：目前存在多种用于诊断HPV相关OPSCC的组织病理学技术。诊疗的复杂性促使多个权威机构（NCCN、ASCO、CAP）制定相关指南，本文针对头颈肿瘤专科医师对这些指南进行了论述与总结。结论：检测HPV相关OPSCC中的HPV对于该疾病的诊断、预后判断、分期和治疗至关重要。包括液体活检（TTMV-HPV DNA）在内的技术进步未来或可作为辅助手段，应用于诊断、治疗及癌症监测领域。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家