Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) remains a devastating brain tumor with poor prognosis, traditionally viewed as non-metastatic. The recent detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in glioblastoma challenges this long-held view and opens new opportunities for liquid biopsy in neuro-oncology. This review summarizes current understanding of glioblastoma CTCs, emphasizing their unique properties, detection technologies, and differences compared to CTCs in extracranial cancers. Key challenges include their rarity, the absence of epithelial markers, and the presence of the blood–brain barrier. Despite the need for specialized enrichment approaches, CTC analysis in glioblastoma can offer helpful information regarding tumor heterogeneity, treatment response, and minimal residual disease. We discuss emerging clinical studies leveraging CTCs for early relapse detection and therapy monitoring. Integrating CTC phenotyping with molecular and functional characterization may enhance future personalized treatment strategies in glioblastoma. Refined CTC methodologies combined with other liquid biopsy modalities may transform glioblastoma management, improving patient outcomes through less invasive, dynamic tumor surveillance.
多形性胶质母细胞瘤（GBM）是一种预后极差的破坏性脑肿瘤，传统上被认为不具有转移性。近期在胶质母细胞瘤患者中检测到循环肿瘤细胞（CTCs），这一发现挑战了长期以来的观点，并为神经肿瘤学的液体活检开辟了新机遇。本综述总结了当前对胶质母细胞瘤CTCs的认识，重点阐述其独特性质、检测技术以及与颅外癌症CTCs的差异。关键挑战包括CTCs的罕见性、上皮标志物的缺失以及血脑屏障的存在。尽管需要专门的富集方法，胶质母细胞瘤CTC分析仍能为肿瘤异质性、治疗反应和微小残留病灶提供重要信息。我们讨论了利用CTCs进行早期复发检测和治疗监测的新兴临床研究。将CTC表型分析与分子及功能特征相结合，有望增强未来胶质母细胞瘤的个体化治疗策略。精进的CTC检测方法与其他液体活检模式结合，可能改变胶质母细胞瘤的治疗管理，通过微创、动态的肿瘤监测改善患者预后。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家