Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has the poorest prognosis among all breast cancer subtypes, largely due to the lack of targeted therapies and its resistance to both chemotherapy and immunotherapy. A deeper understanding of TNBC biology is therefore critical for identifying therapeutic targets. Molecular subtyping of TNBC, first introduced over a decade ago, has significantly advanced our knowledge of the disease’s biology. However, tumor heterogeneity remains a major factor contributing to poor clinical outcomes and treatment resistance. The integration of multiomic technologies, including genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic analyses, offers a powerful approach to further dissect tumor heterogeneity and accelerate the discovery of new biomarkers and therapeutic targets. This review aims to highlight the potential utility and evolving role of multiomics (-omics) in improving our understanding of TNBC biology—particularly tumor heterogeneity—ultimately facilitating the development of novel therapies and actionable strategies to treat the disease.
三阴性乳腺癌（TNBC）在所有乳腺癌亚型中预后最差，这主要归因于其缺乏靶向治疗手段，并对化疗及免疫治疗均表现出耐药性。因此，深入理解TNBC的生物学特性对于发现治疗靶点至关重要。十余年前首次提出的TNBC分子分型研究，显著推动了我们对这一疾病生物学机制的认识。然而，肿瘤异质性仍是导致临床疗效不佳和治疗耐药的关键因素。整合基因组学、转录组学、蛋白质组学和代谢组学等多组学技术，为深入解析肿瘤异质性、加速新型生物标志物和治疗靶点的发现提供了有力工具。本综述旨在阐述多组学技术在深化TNBC生物学认知（特别是肿瘤异质性方面）中的潜在价值与发展趋势，以期为开发新型治疗策略和可行治疗方案提供理论支持。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家