文章：

辐射诱导的免疫反应：从肿瘤微环境到全身免疫

Radiation-Induced Immune Responses from the Tumor Microenvironment to Systemic Immunity

原文发布日期：30 November 2025

DOI: 10.3390/cancers17233849

类型: Article

开放获取: 是

英文摘要：

Radiotherapy remains a central component of cancer therapy that induces DNA damage and cancer cell death. Beyond its cytotoxic effects, radiotherapy acts as a potent immunomodulator by releasing immunogenic molecules, inflammatory mediators, and neoantigens that shape anti-tumor immunity. Radiation-induced immune responses can have opposing effects, including immune activation or immunosuppression that dictate local tumor responses. Increasing evidence suggests these immunologic effects are not confined to the site of irradiation, as radiation exposure to surrounding normal tissue can trigger systemic immune signaling that affects local tumor progression as well as metastatic spread. This review examines radiotherapy-induced immune responses across three interconnected contexts: (i) tumor-intrinsic signaling during radiation; (ii) tumor microenvironmental changes where innate and adaptive immune responses alter local outcomes; and (iii) systemic and off-target effects contributing to broader immune remodeling. A comprehensive understanding of radiotherapy-induced immune responses will guide therapeutic strategies to enhance its immunological potential while minimizing unintended immune and off-target effects.

摘要翻译： 

放射治疗作为癌症治疗的核心手段，通过诱导DNA损伤和癌细胞死亡发挥作用。除细胞毒性效应外，放射治疗通过释放免疫原性分子、炎症介质和新抗原，成为强大的免疫调节剂，塑造抗肿瘤免疫应答。放射诱导的免疫反应具有双重性：既能激活免疫系统，也可能导致免疫抑制，从而决定局部肿瘤的治疗反应。越来越多的证据表明，放射治疗的免疫效应并不局限于照射部位，周围正常组织的辐射暴露可能引发系统性免疫信号传导，影响局部肿瘤进展及转移扩散。本综述从三个相互关联的层面探讨放射治疗诱导的免疫反应：（1）放射过程中肿瘤内在信号传导；（2）肿瘤微环境变化中先天性与适应性免疫反应对局部疗效的影响；（3）系统性及脱靶效应在整体免疫重塑中的作用。全面理解放射治疗诱导的免疫反应，将有助于制定治疗策略，在增强其免疫学潜能的同时，最大限度地减少非预期的免疫及脱靶效应。

原文链接：

Radiation-Induced Immune Responses from the Tumor Microenvironment to Systemic Immunity