文章：

乳腺植入物相关间变性大细胞淋巴瘤及植入物周围良性血清肿中微生物组的高通量分子特征分析

High-Throughput Molecular Characterization of the Microbiome in Breast Implant-Associated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma and Peri-Implant Benign Seromas

原文发布日期：29 November 2025

DOI: 10.3390/cancers17233839

类型: Article

开放获取: 是

英文摘要：

Background: Breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is a mature T-cell lymphoma linked to textured breast implants. A leading hypothesis suggests that chronic inflammation, combined with immunological and genetic factors, drives its pathogenesis. Two previous studies investigating bacterial biofilms on breast implant capsules have produced conflicting results, particularly regarding the enrichment ofRalstoniaspp.Methods: We analyzed the microbiota profiles in seroma samples from 10 BIA-ALCL patients and 12 patients with non-neoplastic effusion, subclassified into acute-, mixed-, and chronic-type based on cellular composition. We used two metagenomic approaches: 16S rRNA gene sequencing and Nanopore sequencing with the “What’s in My Pot?” (WIMP) taxonomic classifier. Our analyses included alpha and beta diversity metrics, as well as comparisons of Gram status and oxygen requirements.Results: Both sequencing methods identifiedStaphylococcaceae,Propionibacteriaceae, andBradyrhizobiaceaeas the most prevalent bacterial families in both BIA-ALCL and benign seroma samples. Notably, theBurkholderiaceaefamily was more abundant in some of the benign seromas according to the 16S rRNA sequencing, butRalstoniaspp. were not detected. BIA-ALCL showed higher richness (based on Nanopore data) and higher evenness (based on 16S rRNA data) compared to acute-type seromas, indicating a more homogenous representation of the different taxa identified. BIA-ALCL seromas did not cluster together based on Nanopore data, but they did form a distinct cluster with 16S rRNA data. This cluster was differentiated from the other two clusters by a relatively balanced presence of multiple families without overt dominance. We observed no significant differences in Gram staining between BIA-ALCL and benign samples using either method. However, non-aerobic bacterial families were enriched in BIA-ALCL cases only when analyzed with the Nanopore pipeline.Conclusions: Overall, our findings did not identify a distinctive microbial signature specifically associated with BIA-ALCL.

摘要翻译： 

背景：乳房植入物相关间变性大细胞淋巴瘤（BIA-ALCL）是一种与毛面乳房植入物相关的成熟T细胞淋巴瘤。主流假说认为慢性炎症结合免疫与遗传因素共同驱动其发病机制。此前两项针对乳房植入物包膜细菌生物膜的研究结果存在矛盾，尤其在罗尔斯顿菌属富集方面结论不一。 方法：我们分析了10例BIA-ALCL患者和12例非肿瘤性积液患者的血清肿样本微生物群特征，后者根据细胞成分分为急性型、混合型和慢性型。采用两种宏基因组学方法：16S rRNA基因测序和基于"What's in My Pot?"（WIMP）分类器的纳米孔测序。分析涵盖α与β多样性指标，以及革兰氏染色状态和需氧特性的比较。 结果：两种测序方法均显示葡萄球菌科、丙酸杆菌科和慢生根瘤菌科是BIA-ALCL与良性血清肿样本中最常见的细菌家族。值得注意的是，16S rRNA测序显示伯克霍尔德菌科在某些良性血清肿中丰度更高，但未检测到罗尔斯顿菌属。与急性型血清肿相比，BIA-ALCL样本显示出更高的丰富度（基于纳米孔数据）和更高的均匀度（基于16S rRNA数据），表明已鉴定类群的分布更为均质。基于纳米孔数据BIA-ALCL血清肿未形成独立聚类，但通过16S rRNA数据形成了特征性聚类群。该聚类群的特征表现为多个菌科相对均衡分布而无明显优势菌群。两种方法均未发现BIA-ALCL与良性样本在革兰氏染色特性上存在显著差异。但仅通过纳米孔流程分析时，BIA-ALCL病例中非需氧细菌家族呈现富集现象。 结论：总体而言，本研究未发现BIA-ALCL特异的特征性微生物标志物。

原文链接：

High-Throughput Molecular Characterization of the Microbiome in Breast Implant-Associated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma and Peri-Implant Benign Seromas