Background/Objectives: Cancer’s complexity can be rationalized through the “hallmarks of cancer,” which define the key biological capabilities driving malignancy. Induced hyperthermia—an adjunctive therapy that elevates body temperature above the normal setpoint for a defined period—has been explored for its modulatory effects on these hallmarks. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effects and mechanisms of induced hyperthermia on tumor cells through the established hallmarks of cancer framework.Methods: A systematic search following the Cochrane guidelines and PRISMA assessment tool was conducted in PubMed and Cochrane Library (2000–2025) to identify reviews on the effects of induced hyperthermia on cancer hallmarks. Studies’ predefined inclusion criteria were independently evaluated by two external teams and graded using PRISMA standards.Results: From the 2015 records screened, 103 studies met the inclusion criteria. Evidence indicates that induced hyperthermia modulates seven of the ten cancer hallmarks. The most well-supported mechanisms of action include (1) the immune system activation (39–41 °C)—enhancing antigen presentation, activating innate/adaptive immune cells, promoting tumor infiltration—and (2) genome instability and mutation (41 °C)—impairing DNA repair pathways and increasing tumor vulnerability. Both hallmarks provide evidence clarifying the mechanistic pathways through which induced hyperthermia exerts its effects.Conclusions: Induced hyperthermia exerts multifaceted, temperature-dependent effects on cancer biology, predominantly through immune activation and genomic destabilization. While it enhances the therapeutic sensitivity of other treatment modalities (e.g., chemotherapy, radiotherapy) and antitumor responses, excessive heating may induce immune suppression and thermotolerance. Optimizing temperature parameters and identifying biomarkers are essential for integrating hyperthermia into targeted and multimodal cancer therapies.
背景/目的：癌症的复杂性可通过"癌症特征"理论进行系统阐释，该理论定义了驱动恶性肿瘤发展的关键生物学能力。诱导性高热疗法——一种在特定时段内将体温提升至正常设定点以上的辅助治疗手段——已被探索其对上述癌症特征的调节作用。本系统综述旨在通过成熟的癌症特征框架，评估诱导性高热对肿瘤细胞的作用效应与机制。 方法：遵循Cochrane指南及PRISMA评估工具，在PubMed和Cochrane图书馆（2000-2025年）进行系统性文献检索，筛选关于诱导性高热影响癌症特征的综述文献。由两个独立外部团队依据预设纳入标准对研究进行评估，并采用PRISMA标准进行质量分级。 结果：在筛选的2015条记录中，103项研究符合纳入标准。证据表明诱导性高热可调控十大癌症特征中的七项。最具实证支持的作用机制包括：（1）免疫系统激活（39-41°C）——增强抗原呈递、激活先天/适应性免疫细胞、促进肿瘤浸润；（2）基因组不稳定与突变（41°C）——破坏DNA修复通路并增加肿瘤脆弱性。这两大特征为阐明诱导性高热的作用机制通路提供了证据支撑。 结论：诱导性高热通过免疫激活和基因组失稳等主要途径，对癌症生物学产生多维度、温度依赖性的调控作用。虽然该疗法能增强其他治疗方式（如化疗、放疗）的疗效敏感性及抗肿瘤反应，但过度加热可能引发免疫抑制与热耐受现象。优化温度参数并确立生物标志物，对于将高热疗法整合至靶向及多模式癌症治疗方案至关重要。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家