Background/Objectives: Adult survivors of childhood and young adult Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) are at a higher risk than the general population for moderate to life-threatening chronic health conditions (CHCs) including cardiac, vascular, endocrine and pulmonary impairments. Regular physical activity (PA) can improve physical fitness, reducing the risk of severity for CHCs. However, it is unclear whether adult survivors of HL experience the same benefits from PA as their peers. This scoping review aims to describe the associations between PA, physical fitness, perceived health, chronic disease and mortality in adult survivors of HL. In addition, body composition, autonomic dysfunction and associated treatment-related risk factors were included. Methods: MEDLINE (via PubMed), Web of Science, CINAHL and Cochrane databases were searched for potential studies that involved PA or physical fitness and outcomes such as body composition, autonomic dysfunction, associated treatment-related risk factors, associated chronic disease/mortality or perceived health. Results: A total of 2886 records were retrieved. After screening, 20 studies were included for review. In comparison to the general population, adult survivors of HL reported lower PA levels and had lower physical fitness. In addition, survivors were more likely to have abnormalities in body composition (i.e., reduced bone mineral density) and perceived health, autonomic dysfunctions and a higher risk of chronic disease and mortality than controls. An exposure to thoracic and neck radiotherapy seemed to be consistently associated with poor fitness (i.e., reduced muscle strength, lower cardiopulmonary fitness) and body composition, physical inactivity and autonomic dysfunctions. Conclusions: Interventional studies are needed to determine the maximum effective doses of PA regarding frequency, intensity, time, type, volume and progression (exercise prescription principles) that best optimize cardiovascular adaptations and health benefits in adult survivors of HL.
背景/目的：儿童及青少年霍奇金淋巴瘤（HL）成年幸存者相较于普通人群，面临更高的中度至危及生命的慢性健康问题（CHCs）风险，包括心脏、血管、内分泌及肺部功能障碍。规律的身体活动（PA）可改善体能，降低慢性健康问题的严重程度风险。然而，目前尚不清楚HL成年幸存者是否能从身体活动中获得与同龄人相同的益处。本范围综述旨在描述HL成年幸存者中身体活动、体能、感知健康、慢性疾病及死亡率之间的关联。此外，还纳入了身体成分、自主神经功能障碍及相关治疗相关风险因素。方法：检索了MEDLINE（通过PubMed）、Web of Science、CINAHL和Cochrane数据库，以寻找涉及身体活动或体能及其与身体成分、自主神经功能障碍、相关治疗相关风险因素、相关慢性疾病/死亡率或感知健康等结果关联的潜在研究。结果：共检索到2886条记录。经筛选后，纳入20项研究进行综述。与普通人群相比，HL成年幸存者报告的身体活动水平较低，体能也较差。此外，幸存者更可能出现身体成分异常（如骨密度降低）、感知健康问题、自主神经功能障碍，并且慢性疾病和死亡率风险高于对照组。胸部和颈部放疗暴露似乎与体能下降（如肌肉力量减弱、心肺适能降低）、身体成分异常、身体活动不足及自主神经功能障碍持续相关。结论：需要进行干预性研究，以确定身体活动在频率、强度、时间、类型、总量和进展（运动处方原则）方面的最大有效剂量，从而在HL成年幸存者中最佳地优化心血管适应性和健康益处。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家