文章：

DPP4抑制剂与二甲双胍使用与2型糖尿病患者癌症风险的关联：一项基于OMOP CDM数据库的多中心回顾性队列研究

Association Between the Use of DPP4 Inhibitors and Metformin and the Risk of Cancer in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study Using the OMOP CDM Database

原文发布日期：10 November 2025

DOI: 10.3390/cancers17223620

类型: Article

开放获取: 是

英文摘要：

Background/Objectives. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been linked to an increased risk of several cancers. However, the influence of metformin and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4is) on the risk of cancers remains unclear. We investigated the association between using DPP4is and/or metformin and cancer risk compared with other glucose-lowering drugs (GLDs). Methods. This retrospective multicenter cohort study was performed using 11 hospital databases standardized to the OMOP Common Data Model (CDM) within the Observational Health Data Sciences and Informatics (OHDSI) network. T2DM patients using only DPP4is and/or metformin (DPP4is/Met group) were compared with those using other GLDs (other GLD group). From 413,344 eligible patients, propensity score (PS) 1:1 matching yielded 6674 patients in each group. Cox proportional hazards models were used to analyze cancer risk, and a random-effects meta-analysis was performed to calculate hazard ratios (HRs). Results. The DPP4is/Met group exhibited a significantly lower risk of incident cancer than the other GLD group (HR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.41–0.69). This association was consistent across all hospitals. Regarding cancer-specific distributions, the DPP4is/Met group showed lower proportions of breast and prostate cancers, whereas the other GLD group showed higher proportions of lower gastrointestinal cancers. Conclusions. In this large multicenter study, using DPP4is and metformin showed a substantial association with a lower risk of cancer in T2DM patients relative to other GLDs. These findings suggest a potential protective effect of metformin and support the neutral-to-beneficial effect on cancer of DPP4is.

摘要翻译： 

背景/目的。2型糖尿病与多种癌症风险增加相关。然而，二甲双胍和二肽基肽酶-4抑制剂对癌症风险的影响尚不明确。本研究旨在比较使用DPP4抑制剂和/或二甲双胍与其他降糖药物对癌症风险的关联性。方法。本研究为回顾性多中心队列研究，基于观察健康数据科学与信息学网络内11个采用OMOP通用数据模型标准化的医院数据库。将仅使用DPP4抑制剂和/或二甲双胍的2型糖尿病患者与使用其他降糖药物的患者进行对比。从413,344名合格患者中，通过倾向评分1:1匹配获得每组6674名患者。采用Cox比例风险模型分析癌症风险，并通过随机效应荟萃分析计算风险比。结果。DPP4抑制剂/二甲双胍组的癌症发生风险显著低于其他降糖药物组（HR=0.54，95% CI 0.41-0.69）。该关联在所有参与医院中表现一致。在癌症类型分布方面，DPP4抑制剂/二甲双胍组的乳腺癌和前列腺癌比例较低，而其他降糖药物组的下消化道癌症比例较高。结论。这项大规模多中心研究表明，与其他降糖药物相比，使用DPP4抑制剂和二甲双胍与2型糖尿病患者癌症风险降低存在显著关联。这些发现提示二甲双胍可能具有保护作用，并支持DPP4抑制剂对癌症风险呈中性至有益影响的结论。

原文链接：

Association Between the Use of DPP4 Inhibitors and Metformin and the Risk of Cancer in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study Using the OMOP CDM Database