Environmental pollution, driven by industrialization, urbanization, and agricultural practices, has intensified global ecological degradation. Among the most concerning pollutants is PFOS, a synthetic compound known for its chemical stability, environmental persistence, and bioaccumulative potential. Widely utilised in industrial and consumer products, PFOS infiltrates ecosystems and food chains, posing substantial risks to human and animal health. Upon exposure, PFOS disrupts lipid metabolism, damages cellular membranes, and alters signaling pathways through partial metabolism by cytochrome P450 enzymes. Accumulating evidence links PFOS to oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, endocrine disruption, neurotoxicity, and immunotoxicity. Critically, PFOS contributes to the development and progression of prostate, breast, and ovarian cancers via mechanisms such as hormonal interference, chronic inflammation, and epigenetic modifications. Epidemiological studies further associate elevated PFOS serum levels with increased cancer risk, particularly in occupationally and environmentally exposed populations. This review brings together the latest knowledge on PFOS emissions, mechanistic toxicity, and cancer-causing potential, highlighting the urgent need for focused research and improved regulatory measures to safeguard public health.
由工业化、城市化及农业生产活动驱动的环境污染，加剧了全球生态退化。全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）作为备受关注的污染物之一，是一种以化学稳定性、环境持久性和生物累积性著称的人工合成化合物。该物质广泛应用于工业和消费品领域，可渗透至生态系统与食物链中，对人类及动物健康构成重大威胁。人体暴露于PFOS后，该物质通过细胞色素P450酶系的部分代谢作用，干扰脂质代谢、损伤细胞膜结构并改变信号传导通路。越来越多的证据表明PFOS与氧化应激、线粒体功能障碍、内分泌干扰、神经毒性及免疫毒性密切相关。尤为关键的是，PFOS通过激素干扰、慢性炎症及表观遗传修饰等机制，促进前列腺癌、乳腺癌和卵巢癌的发生发展。流行病学研究进一步证实，血清PFOS水平升高与癌症风险增加存在关联，在职业暴露和环境暴露人群中尤为显著。本综述整合了关于PFOS排放、毒性作用机制及致癌潜力的最新研究成果，强调亟需开展针对性研究并完善监管措施，以保障公众健康。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家