Background/Objectives: Because of the chronic course of the disease, clinicians managing IBD frequently encounter patients with a prior or newly diagnosed cancer. This can be related to the specific background cancer risk in that subject, aging, familial/genetic factors, or ongoing chronic inflammation. However, a potential influence of some therapeutic agents should also be considered. This setting, in the absence of controlled trials and few open series reports available, raises issues such as correct screening, prevention, and surveillance, but also eventual modification or adaptation of the medical management.Methods and Results: Few consensus guidelines and studies are available on the management of IBD patients with a history of cancer, and therefore, we aim to review the recommendations of the current guidelines and the evidence reported in the most recent real-world cohorts.Conclusions:This review will offer (a) an understanding of the background of cancer risk in IBD patients; (b) analysis and discussion of the risk of cancer related to IBD therapy; and, finally, (c) some clues for the management of IBD in patients with a previous or current history of cancer.
背景/目的：由于炎症性肠病（IBD）病程迁延，临床医生在诊疗过程中常会遇到既往或新近确诊癌症的患者。这可能与患者特定的基础癌症风险、年龄增长、家族/遗传因素或持续的慢性炎症有关。然而，某些治疗药物的潜在影响也需纳入考量。在缺乏对照试验且现有公开病例系列报告有限的情况下，此类情况引发了正确筛查、预防与监测等问题，同时也涉及医疗管理方案的最终调整与适配。 方法与结果：目前关于有癌症病史的IBD患者管理的共识指南与研究较为有限。因此，本文旨在梳理现有指南建议，并结合最新真实世界队列研究证据进行综述。 结论：本综述将提供以下内容：（a）解析IBD患者癌症风险的背景因素；（b）分析与讨论IBD治疗相关的癌症风险；（c）为有既往或当前癌症病史的IBD患者管理提供临床思路。
Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease with History of Cancer
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家