Background/Objectives: Gynecologic carcinosarcomas (GCSs) are rare cancers with poor prognoses. In this study, we aimed to analyze the chemotherapy regimens used to treat GCSs at our institution, as well as the patients’ outcomes. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 62 GCS patients treated at Hospital Clinico san Carlos (HCSC) from 1995 to 2024. Results: Data from 62 GCSs were analyzed. Fifty-two patients (84%) underwent surgery at diagnosis, followed by radiotherapy in 20 (38.5%) endometrial carcinosarcoma (ECS) patients and perioperative chemotherapy in 45 GCS patients (62.6%). After a median follow-up (mFollow-up) of 20 months (0–242 months), 23 GCS patients relapsed and 13 progressed after the first treatment approach, 3 of them almost immediately after surgery. The median time to disease relapse was 6 months (0–225 months) and the median time to disease progression was 0 months (0–25 months). Sixteen of the relapsing patients and fifteen of the patients who were diagnosed at stage IV received systemic treatment with carboplatin and paclitaxel, the most common forms of chemotherapy (used as first-line treatments in eight of the relapsing patients and in seven patients who were in stage IV at diagnosis). GCS patients received up to five lines. The median progression-free survival (mPFS) was 5 months for the first line, and decreased in the following lines. The median overall survival (mOS) was 24 months (13.5–34.5 months) and 11 months (1–226 months) after GCS relapse/progression. Conclusions: GCS is a rare and aggressive disease with a high recurrence rate after surgery and short progression-free survival (PFS) at advanced stages, even when a combination of oncological therapies are used. (Nevertheless, some patients achieved long disease-free survival). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first publication to provide this valuable data on this rare and aggressive disease, for which phase III and real-world data is scarce.
背景/目的：妇科癌肉瘤（GCS）是一种预后较差的罕见恶性肿瘤。本研究旨在分析我院治疗GCS的化疗方案及患者预后情况。方法：我们对1995年至2024年间在圣卡洛斯临床医院（HCSC）接受治疗的62例GCS患者进行了回顾性分析。结果：共分析62例GCS患者数据。52例患者（84%）在确诊时接受手术治疗，其中20例子宫内膜癌肉瘤（ECS）患者（38.5%）术后接受放疗，45例GCS患者（62.6%）接受围手术期化疗。中位随访时间20个月（0-242个月）后，23例GCS患者复发，13例在首次治疗方案后出现疾病进展（其中3例在术后短期内发生）。中位复发时间为6个月（0-225个月），中位进展时间为0个月（0-25个月）。16例复发患者和15例确诊时为IV期的患者接受了卡铂联合紫杉醇的全身治疗（其中8例复发患者和7例IV期患者将该方案作为一线治疗），这是最常用的化疗方案。GCS患者最多接受过五线治疗。一线治疗的中位无进展生存期（mPFS）为5个月，后续治疗线数中该数值逐渐降低。GCS复发/进展后的中位总生存期（mOS）分别为24个月（13.5-34.5个月）和11个月（1-226个月）。结论：GCS是一种罕见且侵袭性强的疾病，即使采用多种肿瘤联合治疗方案，术后复发率仍较高，晚期患者无进展生存期较短（尽管如此，部分患者仍能获得长期无病生存）。据我们所知，这是首篇针对这种罕见侵袭性疾病提供此类重要数据的研究，目前该疾病的III期临床试验和真实世界数据均较为缺乏。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家