文章：

浸润性乳腺癌中的调节性T细胞：预后、机制与治疗

Regulatory T Cells in Invasive Breast Cancer: Prognosis, Mechanisms and Therapy

原文发布日期：29 September 2025

DOI: 10.3390/cancers17193172

类型: Article

开放获取: 是

英文摘要：

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are a specialized subset of CD4+ T lymphocytes essential for maintaining immune tolerance and preventing autoimmunity. However, in breast cancer, tumors exploit Tregs to establish an immunosuppressive microenvironment that enables immune evasion, accelerates progression, and contributes to therapeutic resistance. This review synthesizes current evidence on the role of Tregs in invasive breast cancer (IBC), highlighting their prognostic significance across molecular subtypes, mechanisms of immune suppression, and impact on treatment response. We integrated mechanistic and clinical insights to discuss opportunities for Treg-targeted therapeutic strategies, with attention paid to challenges such as autoimmunity, compensatory resistance, and subtype-specific heterogeneity. Finally, we outline future directions, including biomarker-driven precision medicine, novel therapeutic combinations, advanced preclinical models, as well as potential artificial intelligence-assisted approaches that aim to selectively disrupt tumor-promoting Treg functions while preserving the systemic immune balance.

摘要翻译： 

调节性T细胞（Tregs）是CD4+ T淋巴细胞的一个特殊亚群，对维持免疫耐受和防止自身免疫至关重要。然而，在乳腺癌中，肿瘤利用Tregs建立免疫抑制微环境，从而实现免疫逃逸、加速疾病进展并导致治疗抵抗。本综述整合了当前关于Tregs在浸润性乳腺癌（IBC）中作用的证据，重点阐述其在不同分子亚型中的预后意义、免疫抑制机制以及对治疗反应的影响。我们结合机制研究与临床观察，探讨了靶向Tregs的治疗策略的机遇，并关注了自身免疫、代偿性耐药及亚型特异性异质性等挑战。最后，我们展望了未来研究方向，包括生物标志物驱动的精准医疗、新型治疗组合、先进临床前模型，以及潜在的人工智能辅助方法，这些策略旨在选择性破坏促肿瘤的Treg功能，同时维持全身免疫平衡。

原文链接：

Regulatory T Cells in Invasive Breast Cancer: Prognosis, Mechanisms and Therapy