Fibrous sheath interacting proteins 1 and 2 (FSIP1 and FSIP2) are evolutionarily conserved testis-specific antigens, exclusively expressed in germ cells of adult human tissues, where they play essential roles in spermatogenesis and testicular development. Aberrant re-expression of FSIP1 and FSIP2, however, has been frequently reported in multiple malignancies, driving oncogenic processes including uncontrolled proliferation, invasion, migration, and metastasis, and correlating with unfavorable clinical outcomes. Their restricted expression in normal tissues, together with their consistent association with poor prognosis across cancer types, highlights their potential as diagnostic biomarkers, therapeutic targets, and prognostic indicators. This review summarizes the structural features and biological functions of the FSIP family, emphasizes recent advances in elucidating their regulatory roles in tumor-associated signaling pathways, and outlines the major challenges and future perspectives in this emerging field.
纤维鞘相互作用蛋白1和2（FSIP1与FSIP2）是进化上保守的睾丸特异性抗原，在成人组织中仅表达于生殖细胞，对精子发生和睾丸发育具有关键作用。然而，FSIP1和FSIP2的异常再表达在多种恶性肿瘤中频繁出现，驱动包括失控增殖、侵袭、迁移和转移在内的致癌进程，并与不良临床结局相关。它们在正常组织中的局限性表达特征，及其在不同癌症类型中与不良预后的一致性关联，凸显了其作为诊断生物标志物、治疗靶点和预后指标的潜力。本综述系统总结了FSIP家族的结构特征与生物学功能，重点阐述了其在肿瘤相关信号通路调控作用研究的最新进展，并对该新兴领域面临的主要挑战与未来发展方向进行了展望。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家