Background/Objectives: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and a leading cause of death worldwide. Identifying non-invasive, early indicators of CRC risk remains essential and could help reduce its health burden. Excess adiposity and chronic inflammation are major predisposing factors for precancerous adenomatous polyposis (AP) and CRC, while diet- or surgery-induced weight loss was associated with a reduced risk. Viral infections also represent cancer risk factors through direct or synergic mechanisms, though no definitive causal link has been established for CRC. Moreover, interest is growing on the role of oral viruses as predictors of disease.Methods: In this study, highly sensitive and specific Luminex-based screening assays were used to perform a comprehensive characterization of oral infections by Human Herpes (HHV), Polyoma (HPyV) and Papilloma (HPV) Viruses in CRC patients (N = 50), healthy controls (N = 46; normal weight, NW = 26; overweight, OW = 20), and high-risk individuals with obesity (N = 35) or adenomatous polyposis (AP, N = 22).Results: We observed increased HPyV prevalence in AP, and higher single and multiple β-HPV infection rates in AP and CRC compared to controls. A panel of β-HPV genotypes, including oncogenic HPV5, was overrepresented in CRC and high-risk groups, and some of them showed an association with the male sex. The prevalence of most infections decreased in the obese cohort following bariatric surgery, alongside weight loss and reduction of inflammatory markers. Furthermore, oral infections by viral types previously detected in CRC tissue and adjacent mucosa also declined after surgery.Conclusions: Altogether, these findings suggested a role for oral β-HPV types as potential sex- and lifestyle-related, modifiable indicators of cancer risk.
背景/目的：结直肠癌是全球第三大常见癌症及主要致死原因。寻找非侵入性早期风险指标对降低疾病负担至关重要。过度肥胖和慢性炎症是癌前腺瘤性息肉病及结直肠癌的主要诱因，而饮食或手术减重可降低患病风险。病毒感染通过直接或协同机制影响癌症发生，但其与结直肠癌的因果关系尚未明确。近年来，口腔病毒作为疾病预测因子的作用日益受到关注。 方法：本研究采用高灵敏度、高特异性的Luminex检测技术，对结直肠癌患者（N=50）、健康对照者（N=46；正常体重NW=26，超重OW=20）以及肥胖高风险人群（N=35）和腺瘤性息肉病患者（N=22）的口腔人类疱疹病毒、多瘤病毒及乳头瘤病毒感染谱进行全面分析。 结果：研究发现腺瘤性息肉病患者多瘤病毒感染率升高，且腺瘤性息肉病与结直肠癌患者的β-HPV单一及多重感染率均高于对照组。包括致癌型HPV5在内的β-HPV基因型在结直肠癌及高风险人群中呈过度表达，部分基因型与男性性别相关。减重手术后，肥胖队列在体重减轻和炎症标志物下降的同时，多数病毒感染率降低。此外，既往在结直肠癌组织及邻近黏膜中检出的病毒类型其口腔感染率在术后也呈现下降趋势。 结论：综合结果表明，口腔β-HPV感染可作为与性别、生活方式相关的可调控癌症风险潜在指标。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家