Background: A considerable proportion of breast cancer (BC) patients experience chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) and other symptoms even after the completion of treatment. The persistence of CRCI throughout the oncological process highlights the need for routine assessment of its severity, impact on quality of life, and the effectiveness of interventions aimed at addressing it.Objectives: To analyse the effectiveness of cognitive stimulation interventions on CRCI in BC patients and to identify the characteristics of such interventions, including the most appropriate timing for their implementation, the most suitable techniques, and their duration.Methodology: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Randomized controlled trials published between 1 January 2020 and 31 December 2024 were searched across three electronic databases. Studies involving cognitive stimulation interventions for the management of CRCI in BC patients were included.Results: A total of 12 eligible studies were identified for the systematic review and 10 for the meta-analysis. The review revealed a wide range of cognitive stimulation interventions, differing in techniques, duration, format, and timing of implementation. Group-based therapies lasting between 6 and 12 weeks predominated, with cognitive outcomes primarily assessed using the FACT-Cog scale. The meta-analysis demonstrated a moderate positive effect of cognitive stimulation interventions on cognitive functioning in BC patients (d = 0.59), although not statistically significant (p= 0.07), and showed high heterogeneity across studies (I2= 93%).Conclusions: Cognitive stimulation interventions show potential benefits in improving cognitive functioning in BC patients following chemotherapy. However, the high methodological heterogeneity limits the strength of the evidence. Further research is needed to develop standardized and personalized early intervention protocols.
背景：相当一部分乳腺癌患者在治疗结束后仍经历化疗相关认知障碍及其他症状。化疗相关认知障碍在整个肿瘤治疗过程中的持续存在，凸显了对其严重程度、对生活质量的影响以及干预措施效果进行常规评估的必要性。 目的：分析认知刺激干预对乳腺癌患者化疗相关认知障碍的效果，并识别此类干预的特征，包括最佳实施时机、最适宜的技术及其持续时间。 方法：根据PRISMA指南进行系统综述和荟萃分析。在三个电子数据库中检索2020年1月1日至2024年12月31日期间发表的随机对照试验。纳入涉及认知刺激干预管理乳腺癌患者化疗相关认知障碍的研究。 结果：系统综述共纳入12项符合条件的研究，荟萃分析纳入10项。综述显示认知刺激干预措施在技术、持续时间、形式和实施时机方面存在广泛差异。以持续6至12周的团体治疗为主，认知结果主要使用FACT-Cog量表进行评估。荟萃分析表明，认知刺激干预对乳腺癌患者的认知功能具有中等程度的积极影响（d = 0.59），尽管未达到统计学显著性（p = 0.07），且研究间存在高度异质性（I² = 93%）。 结论：认知刺激干预在改善乳腺癌患者化疗后认知功能方面显示出潜在益处。然而，较高的方法学异质性限制了证据的强度。需要进一步研究以制定标准化和个性化的早期干预方案。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家