Oligometastatic non-small cell lung cancer (omNSCLC) is increasingly recognized as a clinically actionable subset, characterized by a limited number of metastatic lesions and the potential to benefit from combined systemic and local treatments. Advances in systemic therapy, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and molecular targeted agents, have led to prolonged disease control in selected patients. Prospective clinical trials have shown that incorporating local therapy into systemic treatment can improve progression-free and overall survival outcomes in carefully selected patients with metastatic disease. Radiotherapy has increasingly become the preferred modality for local consolidation, especially when surgical options are limited or impractical. Key factors influencing treatment selection include biomarker status, the number and distribution of metastases, and the response to the initial systemic therapy. The optimal timing and modality of local interventions remain under investigation. This review examines the evolving treatment strategies for omNSCLC, primarily from the perspective of systemic therapies. By contextualizing local treatment modalities within the framework of immunotherapy and targeted therapy, we reinterpret current evidence to clarify when and how local therapy contributes to long-term disease control.
寡转移性非小细胞肺癌（omNSCLC）日益被视为具有临床可操作性的亚型，其特征是转移病灶数量有限，且可能从全身治疗与局部治疗联合干预中获益。全身治疗尤其是免疫检查点抑制剂和分子靶向药物的进展，使部分患者实现了长期疾病控制。前瞻性临床试验表明，在经严格筛选的转移性疾病患者中，将局部治疗纳入全身治疗方案可改善无进展生存期和总生存期。放射治疗日益成为局部巩固治疗的首选方式，尤其在手术条件受限或不适用时更为突出。影响治疗选择的关键因素包括生物标志物状态、转移灶数量与分布、以及初始全身治疗的应答情况。局部干预的最佳时机与模式仍有待进一步探索。本文主要从全身治疗视角审视omNSCLC治疗策略的演变，通过将局部治疗置于免疫治疗与靶向治疗的框架中重新解读现有证据，以阐明局部治疗在实现长期疾病控制中的作用时机与实施路径。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家