Background:Hepatoblastoma is a rare malignant liver tumor that accounts for 1–2% of pediatric cancers. Despite its low incidence, it is a significant cause of cancer-related mortality in early childhood.Methods:This ecological study analyzed hepatoblastoma mortality in Brazilian children and adolescents (2008–2023) using data from the Mortality Information System (SIM/DATASUS). Mortality rates were calculated using official population estimates. Temporal trends were assessed using Prais-Winsten regression. Age and sex differences were analyzed using the chi-square test. Global mortality estimates (2008–2021) were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study for descriptive comparison.Results:A total of 267 deaths were recorded, most (66.7%) in children aged 0–4 years. Males accounted for 61.4% of cases. Although no significant mortality trends were observed for younger age groups, a significant annual decline was found among adolescents aged 15–19 years (Annual Percent Change (APC) = −38.4%,p= 0.016). Regional disparities were evident, with the Southeast presenting the highest number of deaths. Globally, the estimated number of deaths and age-specific mortality rate (ASMR) decreased over time, particularly among children under five.Conclusions:Hepatoblastoma remains a significant cause of mortality in early childhood. While Brazilian mortality rates remained stable in younger groups, mortality in adolescents showed a marked reduction. Global estimates suggest a progressive reduction in mortality.
背景：肝母细胞瘤是一种罕见的恶性肝脏肿瘤，占儿童癌症的1-2%。尽管发病率较低，但它是儿童早期癌症相关死亡的重要原因。 方法：这项生态学研究利用巴西死亡率信息系统（SIM/DATASUS）的数据，分析了2008年至2023年巴西儿童和青少年肝母细胞瘤的死亡率。死亡率计算基于官方人口估计数据。时间趋势分析采用普莱斯-温斯顿回归法。年龄和性别差异通过卡方检验进行分析。同时，从全球疾病负担研究中获取2008年至2021年的全球死亡率估计数据，用于描述性比较。 结果：研究期间共记录267例死亡，其中大多数（66.7%）为0-4岁儿童。男性病例占61.4%。尽管在低龄组中未观察到显著的死亡率变化趋势，但在15-19岁青少年群体中发现死亡率呈显著逐年下降（年度变化百分比 = -38.4%，p = 0.016）。地区差异明显，东南部地区死亡人数最多。全球数据显示，死亡人数和年龄别死亡率均呈下降趋势，五岁以下儿童群体尤为显著。 结论：肝母细胞瘤仍是儿童早期死亡的重要原因。虽然巴西低龄组的死亡率保持稳定，但青少年死亡率显著下降。全球数据表明肝母细胞瘤死亡率正在逐步降低。
Mortality Trends in Pediatric Hepatoblastoma: A Brazilian and Global Perspective
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家