The evolution of robotic surgery in urologic oncology has led to the emergence of single-port (SP) robotic systems as a potential alternative to the widely adopted multi-port (MP) platforms. This narrative review provides a comprehensive comparison between SP and MP robotic systems, the former of which received FDA approval in 2018 and CE marking in 2024, focusing on their application across radical prostatectomy, partial and radical nephrectomy, and radical cystectomy. Drawing from the most current literature, we examine perioperative outcomes, oncologic efficacy, postoperative recovery, and complication rates. The review highlights the technical challenges unique to SP surgery, including restricted triangulation, limited instrumentation, and a defined learning curve, while also emphasizing innovations such as transvesical prostatectomy and the Supine Anterior Retroperitoneal Access (SARA) approach. Additionally, we explore the potential impact of emerging technologies—such as artificial intelligence, augmented reality, and telesurgery—on the future of SP platforms. Despite early limitations, SP systems have demonstrated comparable safety and effectiveness in selected cases and may offer unique advantages in specific anatomical scenarios. Continued innovation, structured training, and robust long-term outcome data will be essential for the broader adoption and integration of SP robotic surgery in clinical practice.
泌尿肿瘤外科中机器人手术的演进，已使单孔机器人系统成为广泛应用的多孔机器人平台之外的潜在替代选择。本文通过叙述性综述，对单孔与多孔机器人系统进行全面比较，其中单孔系统已于2018年获美国食品药品监督管理局批准、2024年获欧盟CE认证，重点聚焦其在根治性前列腺切除术、部分及根治性肾切除术、根治性膀胱切除术中的应用。基于最新文献，我们系统评估了围手术期结果、肿瘤学疗效、术后恢复及并发症发生率。本综述着重探讨单孔手术特有的技术挑战，包括操作三角受限、器械选择有限及明确的学习曲线，同时强调经膀胱前列腺切除术、仰卧位前腹膜后入路等创新技术。此外，我们还探讨了人工智能、增强现实及远程手术等新兴技术对单孔平台未来发展的潜在影响。尽管存在早期局限性，单孔系统已在特定病例中展现出与多孔系统相当的安全性和有效性，并可能在特定解剖场景中提供独特优势。持续的技术创新、系统化培训以及可靠的长期疗效数据，将是推动单孔机器人手术在临床实践中更广泛应用与深度融合的关键。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家