文章：

肠道微生物组对胃癌发病机制及治疗的影响——最新文献综述

The Gut Microbiome’s Impact on the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Gastric Cancer—An Updated Literature Review

原文发布日期：27 August 2025

DOI: 10.3390/cancers17172795

类型: Article

开放获取: 是

英文摘要：

The gut microbiota plays a critical role in maintaining gastrointestinal homeostasis, immune regulation, and metabolic processes. Recent evidence has highlighted its significant influence on gastric carcinogenesis.Helicobacter pylori, a well-established class I carcinogen, remains the most prominent microbial risk factor for gastric cancer. However, emerging studies indicate that alterations in the broader gastric and intestinal microbial communities, referred to as dysbiosis, may also contribute to tumor initiation, progression, and immune evasion. These microbial shifts can lead to chronic inflammation, genotoxic metabolite production, and modulation of signaling pathways such as NF-κB and Wnt/β-catenin. This review explores the current understanding of the gut microbiome’s contribution to gastric cancer pathogenesis, including microbial signatures associated with precancerous lesions and the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, the potential of microbiota-based biomarkers and therapeutic interventions, including probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation, is discussed as part of emerging precision medicine strategies.

摘要翻译： 

肠道菌群在维持胃肠道稳态、免疫调节及代谢过程中发挥着关键作用。近期研究证据凸显了其对胃癌发生的重要影响。幽门螺杆菌作为明确的I类致癌物，仍是胃癌最主要的微生物风险因素。然而，新兴研究表明，更广泛的胃部和肠道微生物群落改变（即菌群失调）也可能参与肿瘤发生、进展及免疫逃逸过程。这些微生物变化可导致慢性炎症、基因毒性代谢产物产生，并调控NF-κB和Wnt/β-catenin等信号通路。本文综述了当前对肠道微生物组在胃癌发病机制中作用的认识，包括与癌前病变及肿瘤微环境相关的微生物特征。此外，文章还探讨了基于微生物组的生物标志物及益生菌、益生元、粪菌移植等治疗干预手段的潜力，这些均属于新兴精准医学策略的重要组成部分。

原文链接：

The Gut Microbiome’s Impact on the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Gastric Cancer—An Updated Literature Review