Background: Pancreatic cystic lesions may be benign and require observation or cancerous, with high mortality, requiring risky surgery. Diagnosis is often difficult, and the search for biomarkers to differentiate pancreatic cancer from other lesions is ongoing. Methods: 60 consecutive patients, operated on due to histopathologically confirmed pancreatic cancer or due to pancreatic cystic lesions, were analyzed. The concentrations of 16 immunological factors (sHER-2neu, sEGFR, sIL-6Ra, follistatin, FGF-basic, sVEGFR-2, PECAM-1, PDGF-AB BB, prolactin, G-CSF, HGF, sTIE-2, SCF, sVEGFR-1, osteopontin, and leptin) were assessed in both serum and cystic fluid and compared between the groups. Results: Lower PDGF-AB/BB and leptin concentrations in serum, as well as lower sTIE-2, osteopontin, and leptin levels, were associated with cancer. In cystic tumors, for some factors, significant differences between cancerous and benign lesions were found when the differences in cystic fluid and serum concentrations were compared. Conclusions: PDGF-AB/BB, leptin, sTIE-2, and osteopontin, as well as the comparison of serum/cystic fluid concentrations of immunological factors, might be useful for pancreatic cystic tumor diagnosis. However, this requires confirmation in a larger study.
背景：胰腺囊性病变可为良性需观察，亦可为恶性且死亡率高，需行高风险手术。其诊断常具挑战性，目前仍在持续寻找能区分胰腺癌与其他病变的生物标志物。方法：本研究连续纳入60例因组织病理学确诊为胰腺癌或因胰腺囊性病变接受手术的患者进行分析。检测并比较两组患者血清及囊液中16种免疫因子（sHER-2neu、sEGFR、sIL-6Ra、卵泡抑素、碱性FGF、sVEGFR-2、PECAM-1、PDGF-AB/BB、催乳素、G-CSF、HGF、sTIE-2、SCF、sVEGFR-1、骨桥蛋白及瘦素）的浓度水平。结果：血清中较低的PDGF-AB/BB与瘦素浓度，以及囊液中较低的sTIE-2、骨桥蛋白和瘦素水平与胰腺癌相关。在囊性肿瘤中，通过比较囊液与血清浓度差异，发现部分因子在恶性与良性病变间存在显著差异。结论：PDGF-AB/BB、瘦素、sTIE-2和骨桥蛋白，以及免疫因子血清/囊液浓度比较，可能有助于胰腺囊性肿瘤的诊断，但尚需更大规模研究加以验证。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家