文章：

腔内型与基底亚型跨越各类癌种：超越组织起源的分子程序

Luminal and Basal Subtypes Across Carcinomas: Molecular Programs Beyond Tissue of Origin

原文发布日期：21 August 2025

DOI: 10.3390/cancers17162720

类型: Article

开放获取: 是

英文摘要：

Carcinomas originate from polarized epithelia, displaying luminal and basal orientations with distinct biological properties. Regardless of tissue of origin, many carcinomas show luminal or basal traits that are reflected in molecular profiles and are associated with different clinical behaviors and outcomes. Traditionally, cancers have been classified by histology and anatomical site, but accumulating evidence indicates that luminal/basal subtyping reflects shared biological programs that transcend organ boundaries. Breast cancer was the first model in which these subtypes were defined, revealing clear prognostic and therapeutic implications. Subsequent studies have identified similar subtypes in bladder, lung, prostate, pancreatic, and head and neck carcinomas, where basal phenotypes are consistently associated with aggressive disease and distinct vulnerabilities to treatment. In this review, we synthesize advances from the last decade (2010–2024) on the basal-like subtype across epithelial tumors. We summarize key studies applying luminal/basal subtyping in large cohorts of carcinomas and in single tissue tumor types. By integrating these findings, we aim to clarify the current understanding of luminal and basal subtypes in epithelial tumors and outline their potential to refine cancer classification, improve prognostic accuracy, and guide therapeutic decision-making. This perspective supports a biology-driven framework for cancer classification and treatment, moving beyond traditional histological boundaries.

摘要翻译： 

癌起源于具有极性的上皮组织，其管腔侧与基底侧展现出不同的生物学特性。无论组织来源如何，许多癌症都表现出管腔型或基底型特征，这些特征反映在分子谱中，并与不同的临床行为和预后相关。传统上，癌症主要依据组织学和解剖部位进行分类，但越来越多的证据表明，管腔/基底亚型分类反映了超越器官界限的共有生物学程序。乳腺癌是首个明确定义这些亚型的模型，揭示了其明确的预后和治疗意义。随后的研究在膀胱癌、肺癌、前列腺癌、胰腺癌及头颈部癌中发现了类似的亚型，其中基底表型始终与侵袭性疾病及独特的治疗敏感性相关。本综述综合了过去十年（2010–2024年）关于上皮性肿瘤中基底样亚型的研究进展。我们总结了在大型癌种队列及单一组织类型肿瘤中应用管腔/基底亚型分类的关键研究。通过整合这些发现，我们旨在阐明目前对上皮性肿瘤中管腔型和基底型亚型的理解，并概述其在优化癌症分类、提高预后准确性和指导治疗决策方面的潜力。这一视角支持建立以生物学驱动的癌症分类和治疗框架，超越传统的组织学界限。

原文链接：

Luminal and Basal Subtypes Across Carcinomas: Molecular Programs Beyond Tissue of Origin