We present a narrative review focusing on the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) in regenerating bone defects, particularly those resulting from surgical treatment of malignant bone and soft tissue tumors. These large bone defects pose significant challenges for reconstruction and functional recovery, highlighting the need for innovative regenerative strategies.Background: MSCs, which can differentiate into various cell types, are known for their immunosuppressive properties and ability to promote tissue repair. MSC-EVs, rich in bioactive molecules like microRNAs and proteins, play a crucial role in bone regeneration by mediating intercellular communication and modulating inflammation.Methods: This narrative review compiles data from various studies, including systematic reviews and individual research, focusing on the application of MSC-EVs in bone defect treatment. It examines the characteristics, mechanisms of action, and therapeutic effects of MSC-EVs, as well as the microRNAs involved in bone regeneration.Results: The findings indicate that MSC-EVs can enhance both osteogenesis and angiogenesis, highlighting their potential as promising candidates for clinical applications in bone defects. However, many mechanisms remain unclear; therefore, further investigation is needed.Conclusions: The review emphasizes the potential of MSC-EVs in improving patient outcomes for severe bone defects. It also highlights future challenges, including formulation, standardization, safety, and delivery methods, particularly in conjunction with biomaterials. Overall, MSC-EVs represent a significant advancement in regenerative medicine for bone defects.
本文对间充质基质细胞来源的细胞外囊泡（MSC-EVs）在骨缺损再生治疗中的潜力进行叙述性综述，重点关注恶性骨与软组织肿瘤手术治疗后形成的大面积骨缺损。这类大型骨缺损为重建和功能恢复带来重大挑战，凸显了对创新性再生策略的迫切需求。 背景：间充质基质细胞具有多向分化潜能，以其免疫抑制特性和促进组织修复的能力而闻名。MSC-EVs富含微小核糖核酸和蛋白质等生物活性分子，通过介导细胞间通讯和调节炎症反应，在骨再生过程中发挥关键作用。 方法：本综述整合了系统评价及多项独立研究数据，聚焦MSC-EVs在骨缺损治疗中的应用。系统分析了MSC-EVs的特性、作用机制、治疗效果以及参与骨再生的微小核糖核酸。 结果：研究表明MSC-EVs能同时促进成骨和血管生成，显示出其作为骨缺损临床治疗候选方案的巨大潜力。然而，其作用机制尚存诸多未明之处，需要进一步深入研究。 结论：本综述强调MSC-EVs在改善严重骨缺损患者预后方面的应用前景，同时指出未来在制剂工艺、标准化生产、安全性评估及递送方式（特别是与生物材料结合应用）等方面面临的挑战。总体而言，MSC-EVs代表着骨缺损再生医学领域的重要进展。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家