Treatment of malignant diseases using oncolytic viruses (OVs) is currently considered a promising therapeutic approach. Initial encouraging results fueled a large number of clinical trials, showcasing favorable safety profiles of OVs—but therapeutic outcomes remain far from perfect. The efficacy of systemically administered OVs is limited due to rapid immune clearance and suboptimal biodistribution, while locally administered OVs encounter an additional barrier of poor bioavailability. Cell-based carriers that can shield viral particles and provide tumor-targeted OV delivery, represent one of the potential ways to address these challenges. The feasibility of this approach was demonstrated using a broad range of cell types, including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), neural stem cells (NSCs), different subsets of immune cells, and cancer cell lines. The resulting spectrum of carriers can be viewed as a multifaceted tool, taking into account the specific properties, advantages, and limitations of each cell carrier type discussed in this review. Careful consideration of these features will provide the basis for successful development of cell-based OV delivery platforms.
利用溶瘤病毒（OVs）治疗恶性疾病目前被认为是一种前景广阔的治疗策略。初期令人鼓舞的结果推动了大量临床试验的开展，这些试验展示了溶瘤病毒良好的安全性特征，但其治疗效果仍远未达到理想状态。全身给药的溶瘤病毒因快速被免疫清除及生物分布不理想而疗效受限，而局部给药的溶瘤病毒则额外面临生物利用度低的障碍。能够屏蔽病毒颗粒并提供肿瘤靶向递送溶瘤病毒的细胞载体，是应对这些挑战的潜在途径之一。多种细胞类型，包括间充质干细胞（MSCs）、神经干细胞（NSCs）、不同亚群的免疫细胞以及癌细胞系，已证明了该方法的可行性。由此产生的载体谱可被视为一种多方面的工具，这需要综合考虑本综述所讨论的每种细胞载体的具体特性、优势和局限性。审慎考量这些特性，将为成功开发基于细胞的溶瘤病毒递送平台奠定基础。
Cell Carriers for Oncolytic Virus Delivery: Prospects for Systemic Administration
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家