Recent advances in technology and pharmacologic agents have significantly improved both local and systemic therapies, making the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) more effective and less invasive. However, recurrence after radical resection remains a major clinical challenge. Among the various recurrence patterns, oligo-recurrence—particularly metachronous oligo-recurrence, characterized by a limited number of metastatic lesions appearing after a disease-free interval—has gained attention due to its potential for long-term survival and even cure through local therapy. Concurrently, systemic treatments have advanced with the development of molecularly targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Numerous studies have demonstrated their clinical efficacy, resulting in significant improvements in patient prognosis. Therefore, selecting an appropriate treatment strategy for recurrent NSCLC involves a broad spectrum of therapeutic options, including targeted therapies, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and conventional chemotherapy. Treatment decisions are particularly complex in cases of oligo-recurrence, where local therapy is feasible, making it challenging to choose the best approach from the available options. This narrative review summarizes current evidence from retrospective and ongoing prospective trials and discusses the clinical characteristics and treatment strategies for oligo-recurrent NSCLC.
近年来，技术与药物制剂的进步显著提升了局部与全身治疗水平，使非小细胞肺癌的治疗更为有效且创伤更小。然而，根治性切除术后的复发仍是临床面临的主要挑战。在多种复发模式中，寡复发——尤其是异时性寡复发（其特征为无病间期后出现数量有限的转移病灶）——因通过局部治疗可能实现长期生存甚至治愈而备受关注。与此同时，随着分子靶向治疗和免疫检查点抑制剂的发展，全身治疗也取得了重要进展。大量研究证实了这些疗法的临床疗效，显著改善了患者预后。因此，针对复发性非小细胞肺癌选择适宜的治疗策略时，需综合考虑包括靶向治疗、免疫检查点抑制剂及传统化疗在内的多种治疗选择。在局部治疗可行的寡复发案例中，治疗决策尤为复杂，如何从现有方案中选取最佳疗法成为临床难点。本文通过综述回顾性研究及正在进行的前瞻性试验证据，探讨寡复发性非小细胞肺癌的临床特征与治疗策略。
Characteristics of Oligo-Recurrence and Treatment Selection in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家