Background:Pancreatic cancer (PC) has an extremely poor prognosis and is growing worldwide. In Kazakhstan, it is among the five leading causes of cancer death. However, local epidemiological studies of PC are scarce. A retrospective population-based study was conducted to investigate the PC incidence, mortality, and survival in Kazakhstan, using data from the Electronic Registry of Oncological Patients for the period 2014–2023.Methods:Incidence, prevalence, and crude mortality rates were calculated per 100,000 population. The all-cause mortality rate per 1000 person-years (PY) was obtained based on socio-demographic and medical characteristics and for different regions. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan–Meier method and Cox regression models.Results:A total of 11,934 cases were analyzed. The annual incidence rate significantly increased from 5.9 to 6.9 per 100,000. The mortality rate per 100,000 also increased from 4 to 6. The highest incidence was observed in the 60–74 age group (49.2%), with an equal sex distribution. The mortality rate was the highest in patients aged 75 and older. Northern and central regions had the highest incidence rates as of 2023. Atyrau, West Kazakhstan, Pavlodar, and Abay had the highest mortality rates per 1000 PY. The five-year survival rate was 10.9%. An older age, a male sex, advanced cancer stages, and a Russian ethnicity significantly increased the risk of death.Conclusions:PC represents a significant healthcare problem in Kazakhstan, with late diagnosis and poor survival being the main challenges. This study highlights the need to improve the timely detection of PC and address the identified disparities.
背景：胰腺癌预后极差，且在全球范围内呈增长趋势。在哈萨克斯坦，该疾病位列癌症死亡原因前五位。然而，针对胰腺癌的本地流行病学研究尚显不足。本研究基于2014年至2023年电子肿瘤患者登记系统的数据，开展了一项回顾性人群研究，旨在探讨哈萨克斯坦胰腺癌的发病率、死亡率及生存状况。 方法：计算每10万人口的发病率、患病率及粗死亡率。根据社会人口学特征、临床特征及不同地区，计算每1000人年的全因死亡率。采用Kaplan-Meier法和Cox回归模型进行生存分析。 结果：共分析11,934例病例。年发病率从每10万人5.9例显著上升至6.9例。每10万人死亡率也从4例上升至6例。发病率最高出现在60-74岁年龄组（49.2%），性别分布均衡。75岁及以上患者的死亡率最高。截至2023年，北部和中部地区发病率最高。阿特劳州、西哈萨克斯坦州、巴甫洛达尔州和阿拜州的每1000人年死亡率最高。五年生存率为10.9%。高龄、男性、晚期癌症分期及俄罗斯族裔显著增加死亡风险。 结论：胰腺癌在哈萨克斯坦构成重大公共卫生问题，主要挑战在于诊断延迟和生存率低下。本研究强调需加强胰腺癌的早期检测，并应对已发现的地域及人群差异。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家